PURPOSE: Neighbourhood characteristics are known to be associated with higher rates of hospital admission for psychiatric disorders. METHODS: An ecological study with aggregated data was carried out. All cases for schizophrenia and depression in the 42 city districts of Augsburg were identified over a 4-year-period (2006-2009) and neighbourhood variables were obtained. Negative binomial regression adjusted the effects for year of admission and accommodation in inpatient centres. RESULTS: There was significant association of high unemployment rate, low proportion of working population and high population density with higher rates of admission for schizophrenia. An increase of 1 % in unemployment rate [incidence rate ration (IRR) 1.0451, 95 % CI 1.0175-1.0734] was associated with 5 % raise of admission rates for schizophrenia and an increase of 1 % in working population (IRR 0.9793, 95 % CI 0.9605-0.9985) with a decrease of admission rates by 2 %. High proportion of single households and high percentage of persons eligible for social security increased admission rate for depression. Thus 1 % increase in the proportion of single households (IRR 1.0095, 95 % CI 1.0030-1.0162) and of the proportion of persons eligible for social security (IRR 1.0148, 95 % CI 1.0002-1.0297) both independently were associated with an increased rate of admission for depression of 1 %. CONCLUSION: Our analysis demonstrated that measures of social isolation in neighbourhoods and social contacts at work influenced admission for schizophrenia and depression: in neighbourhoods with less social contacts and with a higher proportion of persons not working the admission rates increased. The problem of confounding in ecological studies need to be considered.
PURPOSE: Neighbourhood characteristics are known to be associated with higher rates of hospital admission for psychiatric disorders. METHODS: An ecological study with aggregated data was carried out. All cases for schizophrenia and depression in the 42 city districts of Augsburg were identified over a 4-year-period (2006-2009) and neighbourhood variables were obtained. Negative binomial regression adjusted the effects for year of admission and accommodation in inpatient centres. RESULTS: There was significant association of high unemployment rate, low proportion of working population and high population density with higher rates of admission for schizophrenia. An increase of 1 % in unemployment rate [incidence rate ration (IRR) 1.0451, 95 % CI 1.0175-1.0734] was associated with 5 % raise of admission rates for schizophrenia and an increase of 1 % in working population (IRR 0.9793, 95 % CI 0.9605-0.9985) with a decrease of admission rates by 2 %. High proportion of single households and high percentage of persons eligible for social security increased admission rate for depression. Thus 1 % increase in the proportion of single households (IRR 1.0095, 95 % CI 1.0030-1.0162) and of the proportion of persons eligible for social security (IRR 1.0148, 95 % CI 1.0002-1.0297) both independently were associated with an increased rate of admission for depression of 1 %. CONCLUSION: Our analysis demonstrated that measures of social isolation in neighbourhoods and social contacts at work influenced admission for schizophrenia and depression: in neighbourhoods with less social contacts and with a higher proportion of persons not working the admission rates increased. The problem of confounding in ecological studies need to be considered.
Authors: B P Dohrenwend; I Levav; P E Shrout; S Schwartz; G Naveh; B G Link; A E Skodol; A Stueve Journal: Science Date: 1992-02-21 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: John A Naslund; Kelly A Aschbrenner; Lisa A Marsch; Gregory J McHugo; Stephen J Bartels Journal: Contemp Clin Trials Date: 2015-07-16 Impact factor: 2.226