OBJECTIVE: To test whether pancreatic beta-cell genetic frailty and hypertension (HTN) interact in their associations with change over time in fasting glucose (ΔFG) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: We pooled data from 3471 Framingham Offspring Study participants into six ∼4-year periods (15 852 person-examinations; mean age 52; 54% women). We defined two genetic exposures reflecting beta-cell genetic risk burden: single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) score counts of fasting glucose-associated and T2D-associated risk alleles at 16 and 33 putative beta-cell loci, respectively; and three HTN exposures: HTN versus no-HTN; treated versus untreated HTN; and five mutually exclusive antihypertensive categories (beta-blockers, thiazides, renin-angiotensin system agents, combinations, others) versus untreated HTN. We tested ∼4-year mean ΔFG or odds of T2D by per-risk allele score change and HTN category, seeking genetic score-by-HTN interaction. Genetic scores increased ∼4-year ΔFG (0.6 mg/dl per-risk allele; P = 8.9 × 10(-16)) and T2D-risk (∼17% per-risk allele; P = 2.1 × 10(-7)). As compared to no-HTN, HTN conferred higher ΔFG (2.6 versus 1.7 mg/dl; P < 0.0001) and T2D-risk [odds ratio (OR) = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8-3.0; P < 0.0001]. As compared to untreated HTN, treated HTN conferred higher ΔFG (3.4 versus 3.0 mg/dl; P < 0.0001) and T2D-risk (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.3-1.5; P = 0.02). Beta-blockers (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), combinations (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.5), and others (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-2.9) increased T2D-risk (all P < 0.02). In joint models including interaction terms, all genetic score-by-HTN interaction terms were P value greater than 0.05. In joint models without interaction, fasting glucose-SNP or T2D-SNP genetic scores (both P < 0.001) and HTN (P < 0.0001) independently increased ΔFG or T2D-risk. CONCLUSION: HTN, HTN treatment, and common fasting glucose-SNP genetic score/T2D-SNP genetic score independently predicted ΔFG and T2D incidence, but did not modify each other's association with ΔFG or T2D risk.
OBJECTIVE: To test whether pancreatic beta-cell genetic frailty and hypertension (HTN) interact in their associations with change over time in fasting glucose (ΔFG) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: We pooled data from 3471 Framingham Offspring Study participants into six ∼4-year periods (15 852 person-examinations; mean age 52; 54% women). We defined two genetic exposures reflecting beta-cell genetic risk burden: single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) score counts of fasting glucose-associated and T2D-associated risk alleles at 16 and 33 putative beta-cell loci, respectively; and three HTN exposures: HTN versus no-HTN; treated versus untreated HTN; and five mutually exclusive antihypertensive categories (beta-blockers, thiazides, renin-angiotensin system agents, combinations, others) versus untreated HTN. We tested ∼4-year mean ΔFG or odds of T2D by per-risk allele score change and HTN category, seeking genetic score-by-HTN interaction. Genetic scores increased ∼4-year ΔFG (0.6 mg/dl per-risk allele; P = 8.9 × 10(-16)) and T2D-risk (∼17% per-risk allele; P = 2.1 × 10(-7)). As compared to no-HTN, HTN conferred higher ΔFG (2.6 versus 1.7 mg/dl; P < 0.0001) and T2D-risk [odds ratio (OR) = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8-3.0; P < 0.0001]. As compared to untreated HTN, treated HTN conferred higher ΔFG (3.4 versus 3.0 mg/dl; P < 0.0001) and T2D-risk (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.3-1.5; P = 0.02). Beta-blockers (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), combinations (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.5), and others (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-2.9) increased T2D-risk (all P < 0.02). In joint models including interaction terms, all genetic score-by-HTN interaction terms were P value greater than 0.05. In joint models without interaction, fasting glucose-SNP or T2D-SNP genetic scores (both P < 0.001) and HTN (P < 0.0001) independently increased ΔFG or T2D-risk. CONCLUSION: HTN, HTN treatment, and common fasting glucose-SNP genetic score/T2D-SNP genetic score independently predicted ΔFG and T2D incidence, but did not modify each other's association with ΔFG or T2D risk.
Authors: Lu Qi; Marilyn C Cornelis; Peter Kraft; Kristopher J Stanya; W H Linda Kao; James S Pankow; Josée Dupuis; Jose C Florez; Caroline S Fox; Guillaume Paré; Qi Sun; Cynthia J Girman; Cathy C Laurie; Daniel B Mirel; Teri A Manolio; Daniel I Chasman; Eric Boerwinkle; Paul M Ridker; David J Hunter; James B Meigs; Chih-Hao Lee; Frank B Hu; Rob M van Dam Journal: Hum Mol Genet Date: 2010-04-23 Impact factor: 6.150
Authors: Marguerite R Irvin; Amy I Lynch; Edmond K Kabagambe; Hemant K Tiwari; Joshua I Barzilay; John H Eckfeldt; Eric Boerwinkle; Barry R Davis; Charles E Ford; Donna K Arnett Journal: J Hypertens Date: 2010-10 Impact factor: 4.844
Authors: Benjamin F Voight; Laura J Scott; Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir; Andrew P Morris; Christian Dina; Ryan P Welch; Eleftheria Zeggini; Cornelia Huth; Yurii S Aulchenko; Gudmar Thorleifsson; Laura J McCulloch; Teresa Ferreira; Harald Grallert; Najaf Amin; Guanming Wu; Cristen J Willer; Soumya Raychaudhuri; Steve A McCarroll; Claudia Langenberg; Oliver M Hofmann; Josée Dupuis; Lu Qi; Ayellet V Segrè; Mandy van Hoek; Pau Navarro; Kristin Ardlie; Beverley Balkau; Rafn Benediktsson; Amanda J Bennett; Roza Blagieva; Eric Boerwinkle; Lori L Bonnycastle; Kristina Bengtsson Boström; Bert Bravenboer; Suzannah Bumpstead; Noisël P Burtt; Guillaume Charpentier; Peter S Chines; Marilyn Cornelis; David J Couper; Gabe Crawford; Alex S F Doney; Katherine S Elliott; Amanda L Elliott; Michael R Erdos; Caroline S Fox; Christopher S Franklin; Martha Ganser; Christian Gieger; Niels Grarup; Todd Green; Simon Griffin; Christopher J Groves; Candace Guiducci; Samy Hadjadj; Neelam Hassanali; Christian Herder; Bo Isomaa; Anne U Jackson; Paul R V Johnson; Torben Jørgensen; Wen H L Kao; Norman Klopp; Augustine Kong; Peter Kraft; Johanna Kuusisto; Torsten Lauritzen; Man Li; Aloysius Lieverse; Cecilia M Lindgren; Valeriya Lyssenko; Michel Marre; Thomas Meitinger; Kristian Midthjell; Mario A Morken; Narisu Narisu; Peter Nilsson; Katharine R Owen; Felicity Payne; John R B Perry; Ann-Kristin Petersen; Carl Platou; Christine Proença; Inga Prokopenko; Wolfgang Rathmann; N William Rayner; Neil R Robertson; Ghislain Rocheleau; Michael Roden; Michael J Sampson; Richa Saxena; Beverley M Shields; Peter Shrader; Gunnar Sigurdsson; Thomas Sparsø; Klaus Strassburger; Heather M Stringham; Qi Sun; Amy J Swift; Barbara Thorand; Jean Tichet; Tiinamaija Tuomi; Rob M van Dam; Timon W van Haeften; Thijs van Herpt; Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk; G Bragi Walters; Michael N Weedon; Cisca Wijmenga; Jacqueline Witteman; Richard N Bergman; Stephane Cauchi; Francis S Collins; Anna L Gloyn; Ulf Gyllensten; Torben Hansen; Winston A Hide; Graham A Hitman; Albert Hofman; David J Hunter; Kristian Hveem; Markku Laakso; Karen L Mohlke; Andrew D Morris; Colin N A Palmer; Peter P Pramstaller; Igor Rudan; Eric Sijbrands; Lincoln D Stein; Jaakko Tuomilehto; Andre Uitterlinden; Mark Walker; Nicholas J Wareham; Richard M Watanabe; Gonçalo R Abecasis; Bernhard O Boehm; Harry Campbell; Mark J Daly; Andrew T Hattersley; Frank B Hu; James B Meigs; James S Pankow; Oluf Pedersen; H-Erich Wichmann; Inês Barroso; Jose C Florez; Timothy M Frayling; Leif Groop; Rob Sladek; Unnur Thorsteinsdottir; James F Wilson; Thomas Illig; Philippe Froguel; Cornelia M van Duijn; Kari Stefansson; David Altshuler; Michael Boehnke; Mark I McCarthy Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2010-07 Impact factor: 38.330
Authors: Mark Bi; Wen Hong Linda Kao; Eric Boerwinkle; Ron C Hoogeveen; Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik; Brad C Astor; Kari E North; Josef Coresh; Anna Köttgen Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-07-22 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Frida Renström; Dmitry Shungin; Ingegerd Johansson; Jose C Florez; Göran Hallmans; Frank B Hu; Paul W Franks Journal: Diabetes Date: 2010-09-24 Impact factor: 9.461
Authors: Gina S Wei; Sean A Coady; David C Goff; Frederick L Brancati; Daniel Levy; Elizabeth Selvin; Ramachandran S Vasan; Caroline S Fox Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2011-02-23 Impact factor: 19.112