OBJECTIVE: The timing of menopause is associated with multiple chronic diseases. Tools that predict this milestone have relevance for clinical and research purposes. Among infertile women, a positive relationship exists between antral follicle count (AFC) and response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, a marker of ovarian reserve. However, an age-independent relationship between AFC and menopause has not been demonstrated. Thus, our objective was to evaluate the relationship between AFC measured in women aged 34 to 49 years and incident natural menopause during 7 years of follow-up. METHODS: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study is a longitudinal community-based study (Chicago, IL; Birmingham, AL; Minneapolis, MN; and Oakland, CA) begun in 1985-1986. In 2002-2003, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Women's Study measured follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and performed a transvaginal ultrasound protocol that included AFC (2-10 mm follicles on both ovaries). Incident natural menopause was assessed by surveys in 2005-2006 and 2009-2010. RESULTS: In our sample (n = 456), the median (interquartile range) AFC and FSH level were 5 (2-9) and 7.8 (5.6-11.0) mIU/mL, respectively, at a mean (range) age of 42 (34-49) years in 2002-2003. One hundred one women reported natural menopause by 2009-2010. In Cox models, current smoking, stable menses, FSH level higher than 13 mIU/mL, and AFC of 4 or less were independently associated with incident natural menopause. Compared with AFC higher than 4, those with an AFC of 4 or less were nearly twice as likely to have undergone menopause during 7 years of follow-up (hazard ratio, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.19-3.02) after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: AFC has been found to be independently associated with natural menopause during 7 years of follow-up after controlling for other markers of ovarian aging.
OBJECTIVE: The timing of menopause is associated with multiple chronic diseases. Tools that predict this milestone have relevance for clinical and research purposes. Among infertile women, a positive relationship exists between antral follicle count (AFC) and response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, a marker of ovarian reserve. However, an age-independent relationship between AFC and menopause has not been demonstrated. Thus, our objective was to evaluate the relationship between AFC measured in women aged 34 to 49 years and incident natural menopause during 7 years of follow-up. METHODS: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study is a longitudinal community-based study (Chicago, IL; Birmingham, AL; Minneapolis, MN; and Oakland, CA) begun in 1985-1986. In 2002-2003, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Women's Study measured follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and performed a transvaginal ultrasound protocol that included AFC (2-10 mm follicles on both ovaries). Incident natural menopause was assessed by surveys in 2005-2006 and 2009-2010. RESULTS: In our sample (n = 456), the median (interquartile range) AFC and FSH level were 5 (2-9) and 7.8 (5.6-11.0) mIU/mL, respectively, at a mean (range) age of 42 (34-49) years in 2002-2003. One hundred one women reported natural menopause by 2009-2010. In Cox models, current smoking, stable menses, FSH level higher than 13 mIU/mL, and AFC of 4 or less were independently associated with incident natural menopause. Compared with AFC higher than 4, those with an AFC of 4 or less were nearly twice as likely to have undergone menopause during 7 years of follow-up (hazard ratio, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.19-3.02) after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: AFC has been found to be independently associated with natural menopause during 7 years of follow-up after controlling for other markers of ovarian aging.
Authors: G R Cutter; G L Burke; A R Dyer; G D Friedman; J E Hilner; G H Hughes; S B Hulley; D R Jacobs; K Liu; T A Manolio Journal: Control Clin Trials Date: 1991-02
Authors: S L Broer; M J C Eijkemans; G J Scheffer; I A J van Rooij; A de Vet; A P N Themmen; J S E Laven; F H de Jong; E R Te Velde; B C Fauser; F J M Broekmans Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2011-05-25 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Erica T Wang; Ronit Calderon-Margalit; Marcelle I Cedars; Martha L Daviglus; Sharon S Merkin; Pamela J Schreiner; Barbara Sternfeld; Melissa Wellons; Stephen M Schwartz; Cora E Lewis; O Dale Williams; David S Siscovick; Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo Journal: Obstet Gynecol Date: 2011-01 Impact factor: 7.661
Authors: Siobán D Harlow; Margery Gass; Janet E Hall; Roger Lobo; Pauline Maki; Robert W Rebar; Sherry Sherman; Patrick M Sluss; Tobie J de Villiers Journal: Climacteric Date: 2012-02-16 Impact factor: 3.005
Authors: G D Friedman; G R Cutter; R P Donahue; G H Hughes; S B Hulley; D R Jacobs; K Liu; P J Savage Journal: J Clin Epidemiol Date: 1988 Impact factor: 6.437
Authors: Catherine Kim; James C Slaughter; Erica T Wang; Duke Appiah; Pamela Schreiner; Benjamin Leader; Ronit Calderon-Margalit; Barbara Sternfeld; David Siscovick; Melissa Wellons Journal: Maturitas Date: 2017-05-01 Impact factor: 4.342
Authors: Sangeeta Nair; James C Slaughter; James G Terry; Duke Appiah; Imo Ebong; Erica Wang; David S Siscovick; Barbara Sternfeld; Pamela J Schreiner; Cora E Lewis; Edmond K Kabagambe; Melissa F Wellons Journal: Maturitas Date: 2015-06-16 Impact factor: 5.110
Authors: Catherine Kim; James C Slaughter; James G Terry; David R Jacobs; Nisha Parikh; Duke Appiah; Benjamin Leader; Molly B Moravek; Melissa F Wellons Journal: Fertil Steril Date: 2020-07-16 Impact factor: 7.490
Authors: Lorraine S Kasaven; Benjamin P Jones; Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami; Jan Yvan Jos Verbakel; Mona El-Bahrawy; Srdjan Saso; Joseph Yazbek Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2022-07-14 Impact factor: 3.006