BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Arterial stiffness is a measure of subclinical cardiovascular disease and increases with age. This study examines the association between arterial stiffness and cognitive decline in a cohort of older adults. METHODS: A total of 2488 subjects with baseline measure of arterial stiffness (mean age, 74.2 years; 52.3% women) were prospectively followed over 9 years in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Arterial stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV) and analyzed in tertiles. Cognitive function was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State examination at baseline and repeated at years 3, 5, 8, and 10. Lower Modified Mini-Mental State examination scores indicate worse function. We fit linear mixed models to examine longitudinal changes in cognitive function over the 9 years of follow-up and logistic regression models, restricted to 1331 participants, to examine cognitive impairment defined as a decrease of ≥5 points after 9 years. We adjusted for sociodemographics, Apoe4, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. RESULTS: The annual decrease in Modified Mini-Mental State examination scores was 0.30 points at low PWV (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.37 to -0.22), 0.46 points at middle PWV (95% CI, -0.54 to -0.39), and 0.45 points at high PWV (95% CI, -0.53 to -0.38), from fully adjusted linear mixed models. In fully adjusted models, the odds of cognitive impairment after 9 years of follow-up was 40% greater for subjects with middle PWV (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% CI, 1.03-1.92) and 59% greater for subjects with high PWV (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.16-2.18), compared with low PWV. CONCLUSIONS: High arterial stiffness was modestly associated with cognitive decline and impairment. Interventions to prevent arterial stiffness may be effective in delaying cognitive decline.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Arterial stiffness is a measure of subclinical cardiovascular disease and increases with age. This study examines the association between arterial stiffness and cognitive decline in a cohort of older adults. METHODS: A total of 2488 subjects with baseline measure of arterial stiffness (mean age, 74.2 years; 52.3% women) were prospectively followed over 9 years in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Arterial stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV) and analyzed in tertiles. Cognitive function was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State examination at baseline and repeated at years 3, 5, 8, and 10. Lower Modified Mini-Mental State examination scores indicate worse function. We fit linear mixed models to examine longitudinal changes in cognitive function over the 9 years of follow-up and logistic regression models, restricted to 1331 participants, to examine cognitive impairment defined as a decrease of ≥5 points after 9 years. We adjusted for sociodemographics, Apoe4, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. RESULTS: The annual decrease in Modified Mini-Mental State examination scores was 0.30 points at low PWV (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.37 to -0.22), 0.46 points at middle PWV (95% CI, -0.54 to -0.39), and 0.45 points at high PWV (95% CI, -0.53 to -0.38), from fully adjusted linear mixed models. In fully adjusted models, the odds of cognitive impairment after 9 years of follow-up was 40% greater for subjects with middle PWV (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% CI, 1.03-1.92) and 59% greater for subjects with high PWV (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.16-2.18), compared with low PWV. CONCLUSIONS: High arterial stiffness was modestly associated with cognitive decline and impairment. Interventions to prevent arterial stiffness may be effective in delaying cognitive decline.
Authors: Darius C Fewlass; Karina Noboa; F Xavier Pi-Sunyer; Jane M Johnston; Shi D Yan; Nikolaos Tezapsidis Journal: FASEB J Date: 2004-12 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Matthew P Pase; Alexa Beiser; Jayandra J Himali; Connie Tsao; Claudia L Satizabal; Ramachandran S Vasan; Sudha Seshadri; Gary F Mitchell Journal: Stroke Date: 2016-08-04 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Thomas T van Sloten; Athanase D Protogerou; Ronald M A Henry; Miranda T Schram; Lenore J Launer; Coen D A Stehouwer Journal: Neurosci Biobehav Rev Date: 2015-03-28 Impact factor: 8.989
Authors: Costantino Iadecola; Kristine Yaffe; José Biller; Lisa C Bratzke; Frank M Faraci; Philip B Gorelick; Martha Gulati; Hooman Kamel; David S Knopman; Lenore J Launer; Jane S Saczynski; Sudha Seshadri; Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri Journal: Hypertension Date: 2016-10-10 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Adam D Gepner; Claudia E Korcarz; Laura A Colangelo; Elizabeth K Hom; Matthew C Tattersall; Brad C Astor; Joel D Kaufman; Kiang Liu; James H Stein Journal: Stroke Date: 2013-11-19 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Chendi Cui; Akira Sekikawa; Lewis H Kuller; Oscar L Lopez; Anne B Newman; Allison L Kuipers; Rachel H Mackey Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2018 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Connie W Tsao; Jayandra J Himali; Alexa S Beiser; Martin G Larson; Charles DeCarli; Ramachandran S Vasan; Gary F Mitchell; Sudha Seshadri Journal: Neurology Date: 2016-01-20 Impact factor: 9.910