Type of hemodialysis and preference for behavioral involvement: interactive effects on adherence in end-stage renal disease.

Examined the effects of hemodialysis type (i.e., staff controlled, in center vs. patient controlled, home) and patient preference for behavioral involvement on adherence and emotional adjustment in a sample of 53 patients with end-stage renal disease. Consistent with person x treatment interaction models, higher levels of preference for behavioral involvement were associated with better dietary adherence (i.e., lower serum potassium) for patients receiving dialysis at home but worse dietary adherence for patients receiving treatment in a dialysis center. A similar though weaker patient x treatment type matching pattern was observed for fluid-intake adherence (i.e., interdialytic weight gain). No effects were observed for patients' self-reported depression levels. Possible mechanisms for the interactional effect on adherence are discussed.