BACKGROUND: Feeding preterm infants human milk has a beneficial effect on the risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS). Due to lack of microbiological standards, practices such as pasteurization of mother's own milk differ widely among neonatal intensive care units worldwide. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether pasteurization of mother's own milk for very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants influences the incidence and severity of infection-related outcomes. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1,500 g) received eitherraw or pasteurized mother's own milk during the first 8 weeks of life. The primary outcome was the incidence of proven LOS. A dose-response relation was verified, i.e. the dependence of the risk of sepsis on the actual and cumulative quantities of mother's own milk. RESULTS: This study included 303 VLBW infants (mean birth weight: 1,276 g; mean gestational age: 29 weeks) whose baseline and nutritional characteristics were similar. The incidence of laboratory-confirmed sepsis was not statistically different in infants fed raw milk compared to infants who received pasteurized milk: 22/151 (0.15, CI: 0.08-0.20) and 31/152 (0.20, CI: 0.14-0.27), respectively (RR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.43-1.17). A significant dose-response relation was observed between the adjusted quantity of enteral feeding and the risk of LOS, regardless of the type of feeding. CONCLUSION: For preterm infants, pasteurization of mother's own milk shows a trend towards an increase in infectious morbidity, although no statistical significance was reached. Practices should focus on collection, storage and labeling procedures to ensure the safety and quality of expressed milk.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Feeding preterm infantshuman milk has a beneficial effect on the risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS). Due to lack of microbiological standards, practices such as pasteurization of mother's own milk differ widely among neonatal intensive care units worldwide. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether pasteurization of mother's own milk for very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants influences the incidence and severity of infection-related outcomes. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1,500 g) received either raw or pasteurized mother's own milk during the first 8 weeks of life. The primary outcome was the incidence of proven LOS. A dose-response relation was verified, i.e. the dependence of the risk of sepsis on the actual and cumulative quantities of mother's own milk. RESULTS: This study included 303 VLBW infants (mean birth weight: 1,276 g; mean gestational age: 29 weeks) whose baseline and nutritional characteristics were similar. The incidence of laboratory-confirmed sepsis was not statistically different in infants fed raw milk compared to infants who received pasteurized milk: 22/151 (0.15, CI: 0.08-0.20) and 31/152 (0.20, CI: 0.14-0.27), respectively (RR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.43-1.17). A significant dose-response relation was observed between the adjusted quantity of enteral feeding and the risk of LOS, regardless of the type of feeding. CONCLUSION: For preterm infants, pasteurization of mother's own milk shows a trend towards an increase in infectious morbidity, although no statistical significance was reached. Practices should focus on collection, storage and labeling procedures to ensure the safety and quality of expressed milk.
Authors: Yanqi Li; Sandra M Juhl; Xuqiang Ye; René L Shen; Elisabeth Omolabake Iyore; Yiheng Dai; Per T Sangild; Gorm O Greisen Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2017-03-03 Impact factor: 3.418
Authors: Daniel Klotz; Marie Schreiner; Valeria Falcone; Daniel Jonas; Mirjam Kunze; Andrea Weber; Hans Fuchs; Roland Hentschel Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2018-11-27 Impact factor: 3.418
Authors: Jacqueline Miller; Emma Tonkin; Raechel A Damarell; Andrew J McPhee; Machiko Suganuma; Hiroki Suganuma; Philippa F Middleton; Maria Makrides; Carmel T Collins Journal: Nutrients Date: 2018-05-31 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Stephanie Trend; Emma de Jong; Megan L Lloyd; Chooi Heen Kok; Peter Richmond; Dorota A Doherty; Karen Simmer; Foteini Kakulas; Tobias Strunk; Andrew Currie Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-08-19 Impact factor: 3.240