Klaus-Dietrich Wolff1, Markus Follmann, Alexander Nast. 1. Clinic and Policlinic for Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany. wolffl@mkg.med.tum.de
Abstract
BACKGROUND: About 10,000 persons are diagnosed as having carcinoma of the oral cavity or the throat in Germany every year. Squamous-cell carcinoma accounts for 95% of cases. METHODS: We systematically reviewed the pertinent literature on predefined key questions about these tumors (which were agreed upon by a consensus of the investigators), concerning imaging, the removal of cervical lymph nodes, and resection of the primary tumor. RESULTS: 246 clinical trials were selected for review on the basis of 3014 abstracts. There was only one randomized, controlled trial (evidence level 1-); the remaining trials reached evidence levels 2++ to 3. Patients with mucosal changes of an unclear nature persisting for more than two weeks should be examined by a specialist without delay. The diagnosis is made by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging along with biopsy and a standardized histopathological examination. Occult metastases are present in 20% to 40% of cases. Advanced disease (stages T3 and T4) should be treated by surgery followed by radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy. 20% of the patients overall go on to have a recurrence, usually within 2 to 3 years of the initial treatment. The 5-year survival rate is somewhat above 50%. Depending on the radicality of surgery and radiotherapy, there may be functional deficits, osteoradionecrosis, and xerostomia. The rate of loss of implants in irradiated bone is about 10% in 3 years. CONCLUSION: The interdisciplinary planning and implementation of treatment, based on the patient's individual constellation of findings and personal wishes, are prerequisites for therapeutic success. Reconstructive measures, particularly microsurgical ones, have proven their usefulness and are an established component of surgical treatment.
BACKGROUND: About 10,000 persons are diagnosed as having carcinoma of the oral cavity or the throat in Germany every year. Squamous-cell carcinoma accounts for 95% of cases. METHODS: We systematically reviewed the pertinent literature on predefined key questions about these tumors (which were agreed upon by a consensus of the investigators), concerning imaging, the removal of cervical lymph nodes, and resection of the primary tumor. RESULTS: 246 clinical trials were selected for review on the basis of 3014 abstracts. There was only one randomized, controlled trial (evidence level 1-); the remaining trials reached evidence levels 2++ to 3. Patients with mucosal changes of an unclear nature persisting for more than two weeks should be examined by a specialist without delay. The diagnosis is made by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging along with biopsy and a standardized histopathological examination. Occult metastases are present in 20% to 40% of cases. Advanced disease (stages T3 and T4) should be treated by surgery followed by radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy. 20% of the patients overall go on to have a recurrence, usually within 2 to 3 years of the initial treatment. The 5-year survival rate is somewhat above 50%. Depending on the radicality of surgery and radiotherapy, there may be functional deficits, osteoradionecrosis, and xerostomia. The rate of loss of implants in irradiated bone is about 10% in 3 years. CONCLUSION: The interdisciplinary planning and implementation of treatment, based on the patient's individual constellation of findings and personal wishes, are prerequisites for therapeutic success. Reconstructive measures, particularly microsurgical ones, have proven their usefulness and are an established component of surgical treatment.
Authors: L J Peters; H Goepfert; K K Ang; R M Byers; M H Maor; O Guillamondegui; W H Morrison; R S Weber; A S Garden; R A Frankenthaler Journal: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys Date: 1993-04-30 Impact factor: 7.038
Authors: Christina Bluemel; Domenico Rubello; Patrick M Colletti; Remco de Bree; Ken Herrmann Journal: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Date: 2015-04-28 Impact factor: 9.236
Authors: Christina Bluemel; Ken Herrmann; Alexander Kübler; Andreas K Buck; Eva Geissinger; Vanessa Wild; Stefan Hartmann; Constantin Lapa; Christian Linz; Urs Müller-Richter Journal: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Date: 2014-07-31 Impact factor: 9.236