OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to define age-, sex-, and ethnicity-specific reference values for 3-dimensional echocardiographic (3DE) left ventricular (LV) volumes and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in a large cohort of European white and Indian Asian subjects. BACKGROUND: Transthoracic 3DE imaging is recommended for the routine evaluation of LV volumes and function. However, there remains a lack of population-based reference values for 3DE LV volumes and LVEF, hindering adoption of this technique into routine clinical practice. METHODS: We identified subjects from the LOLIPOP (London Life Sciences Prospective Population) study who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. All subjects underwent transthoracic 2-dimensional and 3D echocardiography for quantification of LV end-systolic volume index, LV end-diastolic volume index, and LVEF. RESULTS: 3DE image quality was satisfactory in 978 subjects (89%) for the purposes of LV volumetric analysis. Indexed 3DE LV volumes were significantly smaller in female compared with male subjects and in Indian Asians compared with European whites. Upper limit of normal (mean ± 2 SD) reference values for the LV end-systolic volume index and LV end-diastolic volume index for the 4 ethnicity-sex subgroups were, respectively, as follows: European white men, 29 ml/m(2) and 67 ml/m(2); Indian Asian men, 26 ml/m(2) and 59 ml/m(2); European white women, 24 ml/m(2) and 58 ml/m(2); Indian Asian women, 23 ml/m(2) and 55 ml/m(2), respectively. Compared with 3DE studies, 2-dimensional echocardiography underestimated the LV end-systolic volume index and LV end-diastolic volume index by an average of 2.0 ml/m(2) and 4.7 ml/m(2), respectively. LVEF was similar between in all 4 groups and between 2- and 3-dimensional techniques, with a lower cutoff of 52% for the whole cohort. CONCLUSIONS: These reference values are based on the largest 3DE study performed to date that should facilitate the standardization of the technique and encourage its adoption for the routine assessment of LV volumes and LVEF in the clinical echocardiography laboratory. This study supports the application of ethnicity-specific reference values for indexed LV volumes.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to define age-, sex-, and ethnicity-specific reference values for 3-dimensional echocardiographic (3DE) left ventricular (LV) volumes and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in a large cohort of European white and Indian Asian subjects. BACKGROUND: Transthoracic 3DE imaging is recommended for the routine evaluation of LV volumes and function. However, there remains a lack of population-based reference values for 3DE LV volumes and LVEF, hindering adoption of this technique into routine clinical practice. METHODS: We identified subjects from the LOLIPOP (London Life Sciences Prospective Population) study who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. All subjects underwent transthoracic 2-dimensional and 3D echocardiography for quantification of LV end-systolic volume index, LV end-diastolic volume index, and LVEF. RESULTS: 3DE image quality was satisfactory in 978 subjects (89%) for the purposes of LV volumetric analysis. Indexed 3DE LV volumes were significantly smaller in female compared with male subjects and in Indian Asians compared with European whites. Upper limit of normal (mean ± 2 SD) reference values for the LV end-systolic volume index and LV end-diastolic volume index for the 4 ethnicity-sex subgroups were, respectively, as follows: European white men, 29 ml/m(2) and 67 ml/m(2); Indian Asian men, 26 ml/m(2) and 59 ml/m(2); European white women, 24 ml/m(2) and 58 ml/m(2); Indian Asian women, 23 ml/m(2) and 55 ml/m(2), respectively. Compared with 3DE studies, 2-dimensional echocardiography underestimated the LV end-systolic volume index and LV end-diastolic volume index by an average of 2.0 ml/m(2) and 4.7 ml/m(2), respectively. LVEF was similar between in all 4 groups and between 2- and 3-dimensional techniques, with a lower cutoff of 52% for the whole cohort. CONCLUSIONS: These reference values are based on the largest 3DE study performed to date that should facilitate the standardization of the technique and encourage its adoption for the routine assessment of LV volumes and LVEF in the clinical echocardiography laboratory. This study supports the application of ethnicity-specific reference values for indexed LV volumes.
Authors: Seisyou Kou; Luis Caballero; Raluca Dulgheru; Damien Voilliot; Carla De Sousa; George Kacharava; George D Athanassopoulos; Daniele Barone; Monica Baroni; Nuno Cardim; Jose Juan Gomez De Diego; Andreas Hagendorff; Christine Henri; Krasimira Hristova; Teresa Lopez; Julien Magne; Gonzalo De La Morena; Bogdan A Popescu; Martin Penicka; Tolga Ozyigit; Jose David Rodrigo Carbonero; Alessandro Salustri; Nico Van De Veire; Ralph Stephan Von Bardeleben; Dragos Vinereanu; Jens-Uwe Voigt; Jose Luis Zamorano; Erwan Donal; Roberto M Lang; Luigi P Badano; Patrizio Lancellotti Journal: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2014-01-21 Impact factor: 6.875
Authors: Bee Ting Chan; Hak Koon Yeoh; Yih Miin Liew; Yang Faridah Abdul Aziz; Ganiga Srinivasaiah Sridhar; Christian Hamilton-Craig; David Platts; Einly Lim Journal: Med Biol Eng Comput Date: 2017-03-20 Impact factor: 2.602
Authors: John Eng; Robyn L McClelland; Antoinette S Gomes; W Gregory Hundley; Susan Cheng; Colin O Wu; J Jeffrey Carr; Steven Shea; David A Bluemke; Joao A C Lima Journal: Radiology Date: 2015-10-20 Impact factor: 11.105