BACKGROUND: Ventilator-induced lung injury is a recognized risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether primary continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), defined as CPAP without previous endotracheal intubation for any indication, can reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation in infants born at ≤32 weeks' gestational age. METHODS: The literature was reviewed using the methodology for systematic reviews for the Consensus on Resuscitation Science adapted from the American Heart Association's International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were reviewed. Eleven studies provided varying degrees of supportive evidence (level of evidence 3 to 4) that the use of primary CPAP can reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSION: The use of CPAP as a primary intervention and mode of respiratory support is an option for infants ≤32 weeks' gestation, but avoidance of intubation and mechanical ventilation is more likely in mature infants >27 weeks' gestation.
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-induced lung injury is a recognized risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether primary continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), defined as CPAP without previous endotracheal intubation for any indication, can reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation in infants born at ≤32 weeks' gestational age. METHODS: The literature was reviewed using the methodology for systematic reviews for the Consensus on Resuscitation Science adapted from the American Heart Association's International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were reviewed. Eleven studies provided varying degrees of supportive evidence (level of evidence 3 to 4) that the use of primary CPAP can reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSION: The use of CPAP as a primary intervention and mode of respiratory support is an option for infants ≤32 weeks' gestation, but avoidance of intubation and mechanical ventilation is more likely in mature infants >27 weeks' gestation.
Authors: Nathaniel R Payne; Meena LaCorte; Padmani Karna; Song Chen; Marsha Finkelstein; Jay P Goldsmith; Joseph H Carpenter Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2006-11 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: F Sandri; G Ancora; A Lanzoni; P Tagliabue; M Colnaghi; M L Ventura; M Rinaldi; I Mondello; P Gancia; G P Salvioli; M Orzalesi; F Mosca Journal: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed Date: 2004-09 Impact factor: 5.747
Authors: Henry A Zapata; Prem Fort; Kari D Roberts; Dinushan C Kaluarachchi; Scott O Guthrie Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2022-03-16 Impact factor: 3.418