Jennifer B Hillman1, Bin Huang, Susan M Pinney, Frank M Biro. 1. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Adolescent Medicine and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Jennifer.hillman@cchmc.org
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the known association between early pubertal breast maturation and insulin sensitivity (SI) is mediated by adiposity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses. SETTING: Observational study examining the roles of environment, diet, and obesity on puberty. PARTICIPANTS: 379 girls with a mean age, 7.03 years; 62% were white and 29% black. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pubertal development was assessed via physical examination and adiposity by body mass index Z score (BMI Z) and waist-to-height ratio. Fasting blood samples were obtained for insulin and glucose concentrations. SI was calculated with the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Analysis of variance and Sobel's test was used to assess mediation. RESULTS: Fifty-five girls were pubertal (Tanner 2 breast). Breast maturation was inversely associated with SI (P = .005) and positively associated with BMI Z (P < .001) and waist-to-height ratio (P < .001). The effect of breast maturation on SI was no longer significant (P = .41) after adjusting for the effect of BMI Z, which remained significant (P < .001). Similar results were obtained when waist-to-height ratio replaced BMI Z in the models. Mediation analyses demonstrated that 75% of the association between breast maturation and SI is mediated by adiposity. CONCLUSIONS: In girls, decreased SI during early puberty is largely mediated by total and visceral adiposity.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the known association between early pubertal breast maturation and insulin sensitivity (SI) is mediated by adiposity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses. SETTING: Observational study examining the roles of environment, diet, and obesity on puberty. PARTICIPANTS: 379 girls with a mean age, 7.03 years; 62% were white and 29% black. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pubertal development was assessed via physical examination and adiposity by body mass index Z score (BMI Z) and waist-to-height ratio. Fasting blood samples were obtained for insulin and glucose concentrations. SI was calculated with the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Analysis of variance and Sobel's test was used to assess mediation. RESULTS: Fifty-five girls were pubertal (Tanner 2 breast). Breast maturation was inversely associated with SI (P = .005) and positively associated with BMI Z (P < .001) and waist-to-height ratio (P < .001). The effect of breast maturation on SI was no longer significant (P = .41) after adjusting for the effect of BMI Z, which remained significant (P < .001). Similar results were obtained when waist-to-height ratio replaced BMI Z in the models. Mediation analyses demonstrated that 75% of the association between breast maturation and SI is mediated by adiposity. CONCLUSIONS: In girls, decreased SI during early puberty is largely mediated by total and visceral adiposity.
Authors: Geoff D C Ball; Terry T-K Huang; Barbara A Gower; Martha L Cruz; Gabriel Q Shaibi; Marc J Weigensberg; Michael I Goran Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2006-01 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: S M Pinney; G C Windham; C Xie; R L Herrick; A M Calafat; K McWhorter; C S Fassler; R A Hiatt; L H Kushi; F M Biro Journal: Int J Hyg Environ Health Date: 2019-07-09 Impact factor: 5.840
Authors: Jin Ho Hur; Sora Park; Mo Kyung Jung; Seok Jin Kang; Ahreum Kwon; Hyun Wook Chae; Ho-Seong Kim; Duk Hee Kim Journal: Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab Date: 2017-09-28