BACKGROUND: Lack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem. METHOD: Expert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives. RESULTS: Stepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9-38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SC versus SCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ2 1 = 0.0-2.9, p = 0.09-0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81-0.86, sensitivity 68.0-80.2%, specificity 90.1-98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR- is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: CIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
BACKGROUND: Lack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem. METHOD: Expert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives. RESULTS: Stepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9-38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SC versus SCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ2 1 = 0.0-2.9, p = 0.09-0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81-0.86, sensitivity 68.0-80.2%, specificity 90.1-98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR- is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: CIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
Authors: Randy P Auerbach; Philippe Mortier; Ronny Bruffaerts; Jordi Alonso; Corina Benjet; Pim Cuijpers; Koen Demyttenaere; David D Ebert; Jennifer Greif Green; Penelope Hasking; Elaine Murray; Matthew K Nock; Stephanie Pinder-Amaker; Nancy A Sampson; Dan J Stein; Gemma Vilagut; Alan M Zaslavsky; Ronald C Kessler Journal: J Abnorm Psychol Date: 2018-09-13
Authors: Jordi Alonso; Gemma Vilagut; Philippe Mortier; Randy P Auerbach; Ronny Bruffaerts; Pim Cuijpers; Koen Demyttenaere; David D Ebert; Edel Ennis; Raul A Gutiérrez-García; Jennifer Greif Green; Penelope Hasking; Sue Lee; Jason Bantjes; Matthew K Nock; Stephanie Pinder-Amaker; Nancy A Sampson; Alan M Zaslavsky; Ronald C Kessler Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2018-11-06 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: M K Nock; C L Dempsey; P A Aliaga; D A Brent; S G Heeringa; R C Kessler; M B Stein; R J Ursano; D Benedek Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2017-05-15 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: David Daniel Ebert; Marvin Franke; Fanny Kählke; Ann-Marie Küchler; Ronny Bruffaerts; Philippe Mortier; Eirini Karyotaki; Jordi Alonso; Pim Cuijpers; Matthias Berking; Randy P Auerbach; Ronald C Kessler; Harald Baumeister Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2018-11-20 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: Randy P Auerbach; Philippe Mortier; Ronny Bruffaerts; Jordi Alonso; Corina Benjet; Pim Cuijpers; Koen Demyttenaere; David D Ebert; Jennifer Greif Green; Penelope Hasking; Sue Lee; Christine Lochner; Margaret McLafferty; Matthew K Nock; Maria V Petukhova; Stephanie Pinder-Amaker; Anthony J Rosellini; Nancy A Sampson; Gemma Vilagut; Alan M Zaslavsky; Ronald C Kessler Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2018-11-18 Impact factor: 4.035