BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to explore the effects of different modes of lymph node dissection in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the survival rate, to study the prognostic factors, and to discuss the clinical application of lobe-specific lymph node dissection. METHODS: A total of 379 patients with completely resected pathological stage I NSCLC between the years 1998 and 2005 at Shanghai Chest Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 148 were placed in the systematic lymph node dissection group and 150 in the lobe-specific lymph node dissection group. All of them were in pathological stage I (T1a-2aN0M0). The differences between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: No statistical difference was found between the two sets of data in terms of the clinical and pathological features of distribution (P > 0.05). The overall survival distribution between the two groups had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The pathological stage, pathological type, and tumor size significantly differed between the two groups. The duration of surgery, blood loss, blood transfusion, drain secretion, duration of drainage, and duration of hospital stay also significantly differed between the two groups (P < 0.01). The complications significantly differed between the two groups as well (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Systematic lymph node dissection does not improve the five-year survival rates in pathological stage I NSCLC. The pathological stage, pathological type, and tumor size critically affect the prognosis. Lobe-specific lymph node dissection can significantly reduce complications and perioperative risks.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to explore the effects of different modes of lymph node dissection in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the survival rate, to study the prognostic factors, and to discuss the clinical application of lobe-specific lymph node dissection. METHODS: A total of 379 patients with completely resected pathological stage I NSCLC between the years 1998 and 2005 at Shanghai Chest Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 148 were placed in the systematic lymph node dissection group and 150 in the lobe-specific lymph node dissection group. All of them were in pathological stage I (T1a-2aN0M0). The differences between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: No statistical difference was found between the two sets of data in terms of the clinical and pathological features of distribution (P > 0.05). The overall survival distribution between the two groups had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The pathological stage, pathological type, and tumor size significantly differed between the two groups. The duration of surgery, blood loss, blood transfusion, drain secretion, duration of drainage, and duration of hospital stay also significantly differed between the two groups (P < 0.01). The complications significantly differed between the two groups as well (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Systematic lymph node dissection does not improve the five-year survival rates in pathological stage I NSCLC. The pathological stage, pathological type, and tumor size critically affect the prognosis. Lobe-specific lymph node dissection can significantly reduce complications and perioperative risks.
*. Numbers in parentheses indicate percentages (accounted for the overall percentage). **. Numbers in parentheses indicate percentages (compared with another group, accounted for the overall percentage). ***. Indicate gender, age, pathological staging, pathological types, tumor diameter, the degree of tumor differentiation, visceral pleural invasion, tumor primary site of constituent ratio showed no significant difference between two groups(Fisher's exact test or X2 test).
Overall
298
148 (49.7%)
150 (50.3%)
Gender
0.060
Male
182 (61.1%)
102 (56.0%)
80 (44.0%)
Female
116 (38.9%)
46 (39.7%)
70 (60.3%)
Age
0.630
< 60 years
107 (35.9%)
51 (47.7%)
56 (52.3%)
≥60 years
191 (64.1%)
97 (50.8%)
94 (49.2%)
Clinical stage
0.908
Ⅰa
132 (44.3%)
65 (49.2%)
67 (50.8%)
Ⅰb
166 (55.7%)
83 (50.0%)
83 (50.0%)
Histology
0.090
Ad
186 (62.4%)
76 (40.9%)
110 (59.1%)
Sq
79 (26.6%)
50 (63.3%)
29 (36.7%)
Ad-sq
32 (10.7%)
21 (65.6%)
11 (34.4%)
Low-differentiated
1 (0.3%)
1 (100.0%)
0
Tumor size
0.573
≤2 cm
56 (18.8%)
28 (50.0%)
28 (50.0%)
> 2 cm-≤3 cm
77 (25.8%)
42 (54.5%)
35 (45.5%)
> 3 cm-≤5 cm
165 (55.4%)
78 (47.3%)
87 (52.7%)
Degree of differentiation
0.299
Low
42 (14.1%)
23 (54.8%)
19 (45.2%)
Moderate
90 (30.2%)
49 (54.4%)
41 (45.6%)
High
68 (22.8%)
26 (38.2%)
42 (61.8%)
Middle/low
39 (13.1%)
20 (51.3%)
19 (48.7%)
Middle/high
59 (19.8%)
30 (50.8%)
29 (49.2%)
Visceral pleural invasion
0.131
No
139 (46.6%)
76 (54.7%)
63 (45.3%)
Yes
159 (53.4%)
72 (45.3%)
87 (54.7%)
Tumor location
0.441
Left upper lobe
75 (25.2%)
37 (49.3%)
38 (50.7%)
Left lower lobe
46 (15.4%)
26 (56.5%)
20 (43.5%)
Right upper lobe
100 (33.6%)
51 (51.0%)
49 (49.0%)
Right middle lobe
22 (7.4%)
7 (31.8%)
15 (68.2%)
Right lower lobe
55 (18.5%)
27 (49.1%)
28 (50.9%)
Lymph-node-dissec- tion group number
< 0.01
< 6
152 (51.0%)
8 (5.3%)
144 (94.7%)
≥6
146 (49.0%)
140 (95.9%)
6 (4.6%)
所有患者一般临床特征The clinical characteristics of all the patients
Analysis of the related factors during operation period in two groups of lymph node dissection
Related factors
Systematic lympha denectomy
Specific lympha denectomy
P
Operation time (min)
136.20±40.50
102.60±37.50
< 0.001
Intraoperative blood loss(mL)
418.00±119.00
358.00±11.60
< 0.001
Blood transfusion (mL)
300.00±109.55
300.00±141.42
0.999
Thoracic drainage (mL)
249.12±123.44
186.52±55.19
< 0.001
Extubation time (d)
3.89±0.91
3.46±0.67
< 0.001
Hospitalization time (d)
13.92±1.86
13.11±1.77
< 0.001
两组淋巴结清扫方式围手术期相关因素分析Analysis of the related factors during operation period in two groups of lymph node dissection两组术后相关并发症如表 3所示。术后并发症共计27例,占9.06%,其中系统清扫组20例,占本组的13.5%;特异清扫组7例,占本组的4.6%。两组间手术并发症发生率有统计学差异(P < 0.05)。肿瘤直径≤3 cm者行系统清扫74例,其中发生肺不张、肺部感染、支气管肺泡胸膜瘘、喉返神经损伤各1例,心律失常2例,占本组的8.1%;特异清扫组60例,其中发生活动性出血、肺部感染各1例,肺不张2例,占本组的6.7%;两组手术并发症发生率无统计学差异(P=0.752)。肿瘤直径在 > 3 cm-≤5 cm者行系统清扫74例,其中心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭、喉返神经损伤各1例,肺不张、肺部感染各2例,心律失常4例,乳糜胸3例,占本组患者的18.9%;行特异清扫组90例,发生肺部感染1例,心律失常3例,占本组的3.3%;两组手术并发症发生率之间存在明显差异(P=0.001)。
3
两组不同清扫方式的手术并发症
Operation complications in two groups of lymph node dissection
Operation complications
≤3 cm
> 3 cm-≤5 cm
Systematic-lympha denectomy (74)
Specific-lympha denectomy (60)
Systematic-lympha denectomy (74)
Specific-lympha denectomy (90)
Active bleeding
0
1
0
0
Pulmonary atelectasis
1
2
2
0
Pulmonary infection
1
1
2
1
ARDS
0
0
0
0
Arrhythmia
2
0
4
2
Heart failure
0
0
1
0
Respiratory failure
0
0
1
0
Chylothorax
0
0
3
0
Bronchoalveolar lavage, pleural fistula
1
0
0
0
Bronchial fistula
0
0
0
0
Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
1
0
1
0
Overall
6 (8.1%)
4 (6.7%)
14 (18.9%)
3 (3.3%)
两组不同清扫方式的手术并发症Operation complications in two groups of lymph node dissection
Authors: M Oda; Y Watanabe; J Shimizu; S Murakami; Y Ohta; N Sekido; S Watanabe; N Ishikawa; A Nonomura Journal: Lung Cancer Date: 1998-10 Impact factor: 5.705