BACKGROUND: Two recent chemoprevention trials demonstrated significant reductions in overall prostate cancer incidence. However, a possible increase in high-grade disease has raised concerns that the harms of the drugs, including mortality because of high-grade disease, may outweigh the benefits. The authors attempted to estimate the effect of these drugs on prostate cancer mortality to be able to better evaluate the cost-benefit tradeoff. METHODS: The authors analyzed prostate cancer incidence in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) and Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) trial, which evaluated finasteride and the related compound dutasteride, respectively (both vs placebo). They used 13-year prostate cancer survival data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) trial to project prostate cancer mortality from incidence patterns; survival rates were applied to incident cancers according to prognostic strata, which were defined by Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen level, and clinical stage. For PCPT, the analysis was performed using both original trial results and previously published adjusted analyses that attempted to account for artifacts related to the drugs' effect on prostate volume. RESULTS: For the PCPT trial, the estimated relative risk (RR) for prostate cancer mortality was 1.02 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.85-1.23) using the original trial results and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72-1.06) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.76-1.09) based on the adjusted PCPT analyses. For the REDUCE trial, the RR for prostate cancer mortality was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.80-1.08). CONCLUSIONS: Projecting a mortality outcome of the PCPT and REDUCE trials as an approach to weighing benefits versus harms suggests at most a small increase in prostate cancer mortality in the treatment arms, and possibly a modest decrease.
BACKGROUND: Two recent chemoprevention trials demonstrated significant reductions in overall prostate cancer incidence. However, a possible increase in high-grade disease has raised concerns that the harms of the drugs, including mortality because of high-grade disease, may outweigh the benefits. The authors attempted to estimate the effect of these drugs on prostate cancer mortality to be able to better evaluate the cost-benefit tradeoff. METHODS: The authors analyzed prostate cancer incidence in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) and Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) trial, which evaluated finasteride and the related compound dutasteride, respectively (both vs placebo). They used 13-year prostate cancer survival data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) trial to project prostate cancer mortality from incidence patterns; survival rates were applied to incident cancers according to prognostic strata, which were defined by Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen level, and clinical stage. For PCPT, the analysis was performed using both original trial results and previously published adjusted analyses that attempted to account for artifacts related to the drugs' effect on prostate volume. RESULTS: For the PCPT trial, the estimated relative risk (RR) for prostate cancer mortality was 1.02 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.85-1.23) using the original trial results and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72-1.06) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.76-1.09) based on the adjusted PCPT analyses. For the REDUCE trial, the RR for prostate cancer mortality was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.80-1.08). CONCLUSIONS: Projecting a mortality outcome of the PCPT and REDUCE trials as an approach to weighing benefits versus harms suggests at most a small increase in prostate cancer mortality in the treatment arms, and possibly a modest decrease.
Authors: P C Prorok; G L Andriole; R S Bresalier; S S Buys; D Chia; E D Crawford; R Fogel; E P Gelmann; F Gilbert; M A Hasson; R B Hayes; C C Johnson; J S Mandel; A Oberman; B O'Brien; M M Oken; S Rafla; D Reding; W Rutt; J L Weissfeld; L Yokochi; J K Gohagan Journal: Control Clin Trials Date: 2000-12
Authors: Mary W Redman; Catherine M Tangen; Phyllis J Goodman; M Scott Lucia; Charles A Coltman; Ian M Thompson Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2008-05-18
Authors: Robert Serfling; Michael Shulman; G L Thompson; Zhiyao Xiao; Elie Benaim; Claus G Roehrborn; Roger Rittmaster Journal: J Urol Date: 2007-06 Impact factor: 7.450
Authors: Yael C Cohen; Kenneth S Liu; Norman L Heyden; Alexandra D Carides; Keaven M Anderson; Anastasia G Daifotis; Peter H Gann Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2007-09-11 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: M Scott Lucia; Jonathan I Epstein; Phyllis J Goodman; Amy K Darke; Victor E Reuter; Francisco Civantos; Catherine M Tangen; Howard L Parnes; Scott M Lippman; Francisco G La Rosa; Michael W Kattan; E David Crawford; Leslie G Ford; Charles A Coltman; Ian M Thompson Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2007-09-11 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: Mark A Preston; Lorelei A Mucci; Jane B Vaselkiv; Carl Ceraolo; Kathryn M Wilson; Claire H Pernar; Emily M Rencsok; Konrad H Stopsack; Sydney T Grob; Anna Plym; Edward L Giovannucci; Aria F Olumi; Adam S Kibel Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2022-07-01 Impact factor: 4.090
Authors: Mark A Preston; Kathryn M Wilson; Sarah C Markt; Rongbin Ge; Christopher Morash; Meir J Stampfer; Massimo Loda; Edward Giovannucci; Lorelei A Mucci; Aria F Olumi Journal: JAMA Intern Med Date: 2014-08 Impact factor: 21.873
Authors: Alexander B Opoku-Acheampong; Dave Unis; Jamie N Henningson; Amanda P Beck; Brian L Lindshield Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-10-18 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Ji Eun Heo; Kyo Chul Koo; Sung Joon Hong; Sang Un Park; Byung Ha Chung; Kwang Suk Lee Journal: Yonsei Med J Date: 2018-03 Impact factor: 2.759