Paired kidney donation: outcomes, limitations, and future perspectives.

It has been calculated that approximately one-third of willing, otherwise appropriate donor-recipient pairs are biologically incompatible due to blood group differences or positive crossmatches therefore cannot proceed to living donor transplantation. Paired kidney donation (KPD) may overcome this problem. Several types of KPD are in practice today and is a good alternative for incompatible donor-recipient couples. According to the existing data, KPD can increase the number of kidney transplants form living donors while providing excellent clinical results. This is also a cost-effective treatment as compared with dialysis and desensitization protocols. However, there are several barriers and limitations of this program. This article analyzed the advantages as well as the drawbacks and shortcomings of KPD programs.