Anticoccidial efficacy of diclazuril against recent field isolates of Eimeria from commercial poultry farms.

The anticoccidial efficacy of diclazuril, a novel anticoccidial agent, was titrated in laboratory experiments using recent field isolates of Eimeria. Fifty tests were conducted with six individual species isolates, and seven tests were done with a mixture of the six species. Results were based on intestinal lesion scores at necropsy, droppings scores, and weight gain. Diclazuril at 0.5 ppm was almost completely effective against E. tenella, E. acervulina, and E. mitis. Prevention of E. brunetti was better at 1.0 ppm than at 0.5 ppm. In birds infected with E. mitis. Prevention of E. brunetti was better at 1.0 ppm than at 0.5 ppm. In birds infected with E. maxima, diclazuril at 0.5-1.5 ppm significantly reduced lesion scores and droppings scores and improved weight gain, although lesions were higher than with other species. Oocyst shedding by E. maxima was almost completely prevented by 0.5-1.5 ppm. Lesion scores and droppings scores caused by E. necatrix or mixed infections were greatly reduced by 0.5 ppm of diclazuril, but 1.0 ppm was necessary to obtain full protection of weight gain. Results suggest that 1.0 ppm of diclazuril best prevents coccidiosis caused by six species of coccidia in chickens.