Modulation of adenosine receptors by [60]fullerene hydrosoluble derivative in SK-N-MC cells.

The most known fullerenes are spherical carbon compounds composed of 60 carbon atoms. C(60) fullerenes have shown biochemical and biomedical properties in the last years such as as blockade of apoptosis and neuroprotection. The nucleoside adenosine has a neuroprotective role mainly due to inhibition of glutamate release, which is a neurotransmitter related to excitotoxicity and cell death. In the present work, we have determined the presence of adenosine receptors in SK-N-MC cells, a neuroepithelioma human cell line, and analyzed the effect of fullerenes in these receptors by using radioligand binding, immunoblotting, and quantitative real time PCR assays. Results demonstrated that SK-N-MC cells endogenously express adenosine receptors. Fullerene exposure of these cells did not affect cell viability measured by MTT reduction assay. However, adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors were both increased in SK-N-MC cells after treatment. These results suggest for the first time the modulation of adenosine receptors after C(60) fullerenes exposure.