Hazim Sadideen1, Roger Kneebone. 1. Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, Praed St., Second Floor QEQM Wing, London W2 1NY, UK. hazim.sadideen@doctors.org.uk
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Teaching practical skills is a core component of undergraduate and postgraduate surgical education. It is crucial to optimize our current learning and teaching models, particularly in a climate of decreased clinical exposure. This review explores the role of educational theory in promoting effective learning in practical skills teaching. METHODS: Peer-reviewed publications, books, and online resources from national bodies (eg, the UK General Medical Council) were reviewed. RESULTS: This review highlights several aspects of surgical education, modeling them on current educational theory. These include the following: (1) acquisition and retention of motor skills (Miller's triangle; Fitts' and Posner's theory), (2) development of expertise after repeated practice and regular reinforcement (Ericsson's theory), (3) importance of the availability of expert assistance (Vygotsky's theory), (4) learning within communities of practice (Lave and Wenger's theory), (5) importance of feedback in learning practical skills (Boud, Schon, and Endes' theories), and (6) affective component of learning. CONCLUSIONS: It is hoped that new approaches to practical skills teaching are designed in light of our understanding of educational theory.
BACKGROUND: Teaching practical skills is a core component of undergraduate and postgraduate surgical education. It is crucial to optimize our current learning and teaching models, particularly in a climate of decreased clinical exposure. This review explores the role of educational theory in promoting effective learning in practical skills teaching. METHODS: Peer-reviewed publications, books, and online resources from national bodies (eg, the UK General Medical Council) were reviewed. RESULTS: This review highlights several aspects of surgical education, modeling them on current educational theory. These include the following: (1) acquisition and retention of motor skills (Miller's triangle; Fitts' and Posner's theory), (2) development of expertise after repeated practice and regular reinforcement (Ericsson's theory), (3) importance of the availability of expert assistance (Vygotsky's theory), (4) learning within communities of practice (Lave and Wenger's theory), (5) importance of feedback in learning practical skills (Boud, Schon, and Endes' theories), and (6) affective component of learning. CONCLUSIONS: It is hoped that new approaches to practical skills teaching are designed in light of our understanding of educational theory.
Authors: Juan C Rodríguez-Sanjuán; Marcos Gómez-Ruiz; Soledad Trugeda-Carrera; Carlos Manuel-Palazuelos; Antonio López-Useros; Manuel Gómez-Fleitas Journal: World J Gastroenterol Date: 2016-02-14 Impact factor: 5.742
Authors: Sayra M Cristancho; Tavis Apramian; Meredith Vanstone; Lorelei Lingard; Michael Ott; Thomas Forbes; Richard Novick Journal: Am J Surg Date: 2015-05-12 Impact factor: 2.565
Authors: Edward P Manning; Priti L Mishall; Maxwell D Weidmann; Herschel Flax; Sam Lan; Mark Erlich; William B Burton; Todd R Olson; Sherry A Downie Journal: Anat Sci Educ Date: 2018-03-30 Impact factor: 5.958