Bone regeneration in osseous defects using hydroxyapatite graft and the extent of ossification in osseous defects treated without grafts: a comparative evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: Objective of this study is to evaluate the new bone formation in bony defects following insertion of hydroxyapatite graft and to compare the efficacy and regenerative potential of this bone graft material.
METHOD: The patients having osseous defects after surgery were selected. Preoperatively a brief history, examination, relevant blood investigation and radiographs were taken. Post operative observation period of 6 months was planned. Radiographic and bone scintigraphic (isotope study of bone activity) evaluation of bone specimens was completed in defined time.
RESULTS: Radiographic evaluation indicated increased calcification surrounding the material, indicative of acceptance of the graft to the bone. Bone scintigraphic evaluation indicated area of increased bone metabolism and is evidenced as area of increased radiotracer uptake, namely 'hot spots' (active bone formation).
CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the hydroxyapatite graft met the clinical requirement of a bone substitute material which is biocompatible and non-allergic. The use of this material is advantageous over other bone grafts because of simplicity of application, cost effectiveness and easy availability. Due to its microstructure, complete resorption and neo bone formation took place during the course of this study.