Yao He1, Bin Jiang2, Liang Shou Li3, Lan Sun Li4, Lisanne Ko5, Lei Wu6, Dong Ling Sun6, Shu Fang He7, Bao Qing Liang8, Frank B Hu9, Tai Hing Lam10. 1. Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address: yhe301@x263.net. 2. Department of Acupuncture, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. 3. Department of Epidemiology, 4th Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Medicine, Kun Lun Machinery Factory Hospital, Xi'an, China. 4. Department of Cardiology, 4th Military Medical University, Xi'an, China. 5. Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 6. Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. 7. Department of Medicine, Kun Lun Machinery Factory Hospital, Xi'an, China. 8. Department of Epidemiology, 4th Military Medical University, Xi'an, China. 9. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA. 10. School of Public Health and Department of Community Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prospective evidence on the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) and COPD and ischemic stroke is scarce. METHODS: We prospectively examined the relationship between SHS and major tobacco-related deaths, particularly COPD and stroke, in 910 Chinese (439 men, 471 women) who never smoked from a 17-year follow-up study in Xi’an, China. SHS exposure was defi ned as exposure to another person’s tobacco smoke at home or in the workplace. RESULTS: At baseline among the 910 subjects, 44.2% were exposed to SHS at home, 52.9% in the workplace, and 67.1% at home, work, or both. From March 1, 1994, to July 1, 2011, 249 (150 men,99 women) died within 14,016 person-years. Those who were exposed to SHS had increased mortality due to coronary heart disease (adjusted relative risk [RR], 2.15; 95% CI, 1.00-4.61), ischemic stroke (RR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.10-7.55), lung cancer (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 0.62-6.40), COPD (RR, 2.30;95% CI, 1.06-5.00), and all causes (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.29-2.20), with significant dose-response relationships between cumulative SHS exposure at home and work and the increased risk of cause-specific and total mortality (P for linear trend ranged from .045 to , .001). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows dose-response relationships between SHS and major tobacco-related mortality and provides new evidence to support causation for COPD and ischemic stroke.
BACKGROUND: Prospective evidence on the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) and COPD and ischemic stroke is scarce. METHODS: We prospectively examined the relationship between SHS and major tobacco-related deaths, particularly COPD and stroke, in 910 Chinese (439 men, 471 women) who never smoked from a 17-year follow-up study in Xi’an, China. SHS exposure was defi ned as exposure to another person’s tobacco smoke at home or in the workplace. RESULTS: At baseline among the 910 subjects, 44.2% were exposed to SHS at home, 52.9% in the workplace, and 67.1% at home, work, or both. From March 1, 1994, to July 1, 2011, 249 (150 men,99 women) died within 14,016 person-years. Those who were exposed to SHS had increased mortality due to coronary heart disease (adjusted relative risk [RR], 2.15; 95% CI, 1.00-4.61), ischemic stroke (RR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.10-7.55), lung cancer (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 0.62-6.40), COPD (RR, 2.30;95% CI, 1.06-5.00), and all causes (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.29-2.20), with significant dose-response relationships between cumulative SHS exposure at home and work and the increased risk of cause-specific and total mortality (P for linear trend ranged from .045 to , .001). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows dose-response relationships between SHS and major tobacco-related mortality and provides new evidence to support causation for COPD and ischemic stroke.
Authors: Ross S Osgood; Brad L Upham; Pierre R Bushel; Kalpana Velmurugan; Ka-Na Xiong; Alison K Bauer Journal: Toxicol Sci Date: 2017-05-01 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Ross S Osgood; Brad L Upham; Thomas Hill; Katherine L Helms; Kalpana Velmurugan; Pavel Babica; Alison K Bauer Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-06-03 Impact factor: 3.240