Extended-release niacin with laropiprant : a review on efficacy, clinical effectiveness and safety.

INTRODUCTION: Although treatment with statins reduces cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with dyslipidemia, a residual 60 - 70% CV risk remains. This CV risk may be inversely related to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Interest in niacin has re-emerged because of its HDL-C raising effects. The flushing associated with niacin which has previously affected patient compliance can now be significantly blocked with laropiprant (LRPT). AREAS COVERED: This review aims to assess the efficacy, clinical effectiveness and safety of extended-release niacin (ERN) with LRPT. The authors searched PubMed and MEDLINE for literature published between January 2006 and November 2011, for efficacy, clinical effectiveness and safety reports of ERN with LRPT. EXPERT OPINION: Niacin has been shown to prevent CV events, reduce mortality and has beneficial effects on vascular endothelial function. Evidence suggests that this is due to its broad-spectrum lipid altering properties, including lowering lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), and its pleiotropic actions. While side effects associated with niacin have limited its use in the past, the extended-release formulations and co-administration of LRPT have increased its tolerability, particularly by reducing flushing. The authors advise that ERN should be used in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, who have failed to reach conventional targets.