Angiogenesis: a promising therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Primary treatment of advanced ovarian cancer (FIGO stages III and IV) until recently consisted of cytoreductive surgery and paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy. The results of two randomized studies, showing prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) by the addition of the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, bevacizumab, led to the approval of this agent for first-line treatment of this disease and indicate that angiogenesis is a promising therapeutic target. Angiogenesis is essential for oncogenesis but also the viability and expansion of ovarian cancer. Specifically, VEGF is involved in the formation of ascites and has a direct effect on ascites tumor cells as well as an immunosuppressive function. Apart from VEGF, PDGF, FGF and angiopoietins present a therapeutic interest. We are reviewing the results of published clinical studies using anti-angiogenic factors in advanced ovarian cancer.