Processing and storage of human bone marrow: a survey of current practices in North America.

We conducted a two-step survey to question 110 transplant centers in the United States and Canada regarding marrow processing and storage policies and procedures. Approximately 65% of the centers surveyed responded to the questionnaires. Major differences with respect to patient diagnoses, amount of marrow harvested, purging method applied, freezing procedure, storage bag, cell concentrations, storage duration, interval until transplantation, cell counting, viability determination and so forth were reported. Among those centers responding 13% stored not only autologous but also allogeneic marrow. There was no consensus regarding patient consent for duration of storage, coverage of cost for cryopreservation or utilization of stored marrow after a patient's death. Additional studies will be necessary to correlate in vitro methods of marrow storage with clinical transplantation results, and to determine the cost/benefit ratio of this approach to various diagnoses. This should provide the basis for the establishment of standards and should facilitate the approach to various ethical questions.