OBJECTIVE: To provide a meta-analysis of research that has examined the cognitive functioning of children and adults with cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and cleft lip and palate (CLP). METHODS: Data from 29 studies, which compared persons with a cleft to a control group on tests of cognitive functioning, were analyzed. The data were obtained from 1,546 persons with cleft and 279,805 controls. RESULTS: Participants with a cleft performed significantly worse on 7 cognitive domains. However, the only moderate and significant deficit, which was based on nonheterogeneous study findings and not subject to publication bias, was in the language domain. CL, CP, and CLP were all associated with cognitive impairments, although the profiles for the groups differed. CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional studies suggest that persons with clefts experience poorer cognitive functioning across a range of domains, although large-scale longitudinal studies are needed to more definitively differentiate outcomes by cleft type.
OBJECTIVE: To provide a meta-analysis of research that has examined the cognitive functioning of children and adults with cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and cleft lip and palate (CLP). METHODS: Data from 29 studies, which compared persons with a cleft to a control group on tests of cognitive functioning, were analyzed. The data were obtained from 1,546 persons with cleft and 279,805 controls. RESULTS:Participants with a cleft performed significantly worse on 7 cognitive domains. However, the only moderate and significant deficit, which was based on nonheterogeneous study findings and not subject to publication bias, was in the language domain. CL, CP, and CLP were all associated with cognitive impairments, although the profiles for the groups differed. CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional studies suggest that persons with clefts experience poorer cognitive functioning across a range of domains, although large-scale longitudinal studies are needed to more definitively differentiate outcomes by cleft type.
Authors: Erik Berg; Åse Sivertsen; Anja Maria Steinsland Ariansen; Charles Filip; Halvard A Vindenes; Kristin B Feragen; Dag Moster; Rolv Terje Lie; Øystein A Haaland Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-09-15 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Hope Sparks Lancaster; Kari M Lien; Jason C Chow; Jennifer R Frey; Nancy J Scherer; Ann P Kaiser Journal: J Speech Lang Hear Res Date: 2019-12-13 Impact factor: 2.297
Authors: Clare S Murray; Tanya Walsh; Trisha Bannister; Aleksandra Metryka; Karen Davies; Yin Ling Lin; Paula Williamson; Peter Callery; Kevin O'Brien; William Shaw; Iain Bruce Journal: Cleft Palate Craniofac J Date: 2021-04-01