Rhodobacter viridis sp. nov., a phototrophic bacterium isolated from mud of a stream.

A green phototrophic bacterium (strain JA737(T)), which was oval- to rod-shaped, Gram-negative and motile, was isolated from mud of a stream in the Western Ghats of India. Strain JA737(T) contained bacteriochlorophyll a, and the major carotenoid was neurosporene. The major quinone was Q-10 and the polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids and five unidentified lipids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain clustered with members of the genus Rhodobacter belonging to the family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain JA737(T) had highest sequence similarity with Rhodobacter capsulatus ATCC 11166(T) (98.8 %), Rhodobacter maris JA276(T) (97 %), Rhodobacter aestuarii JA296(T) (96.7 %) and other members of the genus Rhodobacter (<96 %). However, strain JA737(T) showed 22-55 % DNA-DNA relatedness with the above type strains. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular genetic evidence, strain JA737(T) represents a novel species of the genus Rhodobacter, for which the name Rhodobacter viridis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JA737(T) ( = KCTC 15167(T) = MTCC 11105(T) = NBRC 108864(T)).