OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the impact of a crooked nose on observer perceptions of facial asymmetry and attractiveness and the ability of rhinoplasty to minimize it. We hypothesized that the presence of a crooked nose would penalize symmetry and attractiveness ratings as compared to normal faces. We further hypothesized that straightening rhinoplasty would restore symmetry and improve attractiveness. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment. METHODS: A group of 39 naïve observers viewed pictures of patients with crooked noses before and after straightening rhinoplasty, and normal patients. Observers rated the overall asymmetry and attractiveness, and the asymmetry of facial subunits using a survey with a rating scale of 1 to 10 for each category. RESULTS: For asymmetry, patient group (preoperative, postoperative, normal) was statistically significant by multivariate analysis of the variance. Post-analysis of variance showed significant differences in asymmetry scores for overall, nose subunit, and mouth subunit. Pairwise testing then showed significantly different overall asymmetry scores between normal and preoperative (P < .001), and preoperative and postoperative (P < .001), but not between normal and postoperative (P = .215) groups. Mixed linear regression analysis showed that decreasing nasal asymmetry by 1 point increases attractiveness by 0.18 points or 0.082 attractiveness standard deviations (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Faces with crooked noses were rated less symmetrical overall and less symmetrical at the nose and mouth subunits as compared to normal and postoperative faces. Straightening rhinoplasty diminished overall facial asymmetry and subunit asymmetry scores. Decreasing nasal asymmetry led to significant improvements in facial attractiveness. These data provide objective evidence supporting the idea that a straightening rhinoplasty can improve attractiveness.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the impact of a crooked nose on observer perceptions of facial asymmetry and attractiveness and the ability of rhinoplasty to minimize it. We hypothesized that the presence of a crooked nose would penalize symmetry and attractiveness ratings as compared to normal faces. We further hypothesized that straightening rhinoplasty would restore symmetry and improve attractiveness. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment. METHODS: A group of 39 naïve observers viewed pictures of patients with crooked noses before and after straightening rhinoplasty, and normal patients. Observers rated the overall asymmetry and attractiveness, and the asymmetry of facial subunits using a survey with a rating scale of 1 to 10 for each category. RESULTS: For asymmetry, patient group (preoperative, postoperative, normal) was statistically significant by multivariate analysis of the variance. Post-analysis of variance showed significant differences in asymmetry scores for overall, nose subunit, and mouth subunit. Pairwise testing then showed significantly different overall asymmetry scores between normal and preoperative (P < .001), and preoperative and postoperative (P < .001), but not between normal and postoperative (P = .215) groups. Mixed linear regression analysis showed that decreasing nasal asymmetry by 1 point increases attractiveness by 0.18 points or 0.082 attractiveness standard deviations (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Faces with crooked noses were rated less symmetrical overall and less symmetrical at the nose and mouth subunits as compared to normal and postoperative faces. Straightening rhinoplasty diminished overall facial asymmetry and subunit asymmetry scores. Decreasing nasal asymmetry led to significant improvements in facial attractiveness. These data provide objective evidence supporting the idea that a straightening rhinoplasty can improve attractiveness.
Authors: Keon M Parsa; William Gao; Jack Lally; Stephen P Davison; Michael J Reilly Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2019-09-01 Impact factor: 4.611
Authors: David Chen; Masaru Ishii; Jason Nellis; Kristin Bater; Halley Darrach; David Liao; Andrew Joseph; Patrick Byrne; Kofi Boahene; Ira Papel; Theda Kontis; Lisa E Ishii Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2019-01-01 Impact factor: 4.611
Authors: Halley Darrach; Lisa E Ishii; David Liao; Jason C Nellis; Kristin Bater; Roxana Cobo; Patrick J Byrne; Kofi D O Boahene; Ira D Papel; Theda C Kontis; Masaru Ishii Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2019-03-01 Impact factor: 4.611
Authors: Jason C Nellis; Masaru Ishii; Kristin L Bater; Ira D Papel; Theda C Kontis; Patrick J Byrne; Kofi D O Boahene; Lisa E Ishii Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2018-03-01 Impact factor: 4.611