'Compensatory slippage' in the evolution of ribosomal RNA genes.

The distribution patterns of shared short repetitive motifs in the expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA genes of different species show that these segments are coevolving as a set and that in two examined vertebrate species the RNA secondary structures are conserved as a consequence of runs of motifs in one region being compensated by complementary motifs in another. These unusual processes, involving replication-slippage, have implications for the evolution of ribosomal RNA and for the use of the rDNA multigene family as a 'molecular clock' for assessing relationships between species.