BACKGROUND: Changes in vascular and myocardial structure and function have been demonstrated in obese children, but limited data are available on how these changes are related. The aims of this study were to investigate vascular and myocardial changes in obese children with lipid abnormalities and to study the interactions between vascular and myocardial parameters. METHODS: A cross-sectional, prospective observational study was conducted. Twenty-one obese and 27 normal-weight controls aged 14 ± 2 years participated. Cardiac assessment included geometric parameters and myocardial deformation (strain and strain rate) analysis by color tissue Doppler and speckle-tracking echocardiography. Vascular assessment included carotid intima-media thickness, flow-mediated dilatation, pulse-wave velocity, and other stiffness measures of the aorta and carotid artery, as well as noninvasive estimation of arterial elastance and left ventricular (LV) end-systolic elastance. RESULTS: Obese children compared with controls had lower color tissue Doppler-derived LV systolic radial strain values (45 ± 11% vs 56 ± 12%, P = .002), lower speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived LV systolic longitudinal strain values (-18 ± 2% vs -21 ± 2%, P < .001), and lower speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived LV early diastolic strain rate values (1.7 ± 0.3 vs 2.5 ± 0.4, P < .001). Carotid intima-media thickness was increased, pulse-wave velocity was faster, and arterial distension coefficients were lower in obese children. The ratio of arterial elastance to LV end-systolic elastance (a marker of ventricular-arterial coupling) was lower in obese children than controls (0.73 ± 0.32 vs 0.47 ± 0.15, P = .003). Changes in vascular parameters were correlated with changes in longitudinal myocardial deformation parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Obese children with lipid abnormalities have reduced systolic and diastolic LV deformation characteristics, early vessel wall changes, and increased arterial stiffness. Abnormal ventricular-vascular interaction is suggested by these data and warrants further investigation.
BACKGROUND: Changes in vascular and myocardial structure and function have been demonstrated in obesechildren, but limited data are available on how these changes are related. The aims of this study were to investigate vascular and myocardial changes in obesechildren with lipid abnormalities and to study the interactions between vascular and myocardial parameters. METHODS: A cross-sectional, prospective observational study was conducted. Twenty-one obese and 27 normal-weight controls aged 14 ± 2 years participated. Cardiac assessment included geometric parameters and myocardial deformation (strain and strain rate) analysis by color tissue Doppler and speckle-tracking echocardiography. Vascular assessment included carotid intima-media thickness, flow-mediated dilatation, pulse-wave velocity, and other stiffness measures of the aorta and carotid artery, as well as noninvasive estimation of arterial elastance and left ventricular (LV) end-systolic elastance. RESULTS:Obesechildren compared with controls had lower color tissue Doppler-derived LV systolic radial strain values (45 ± 11% vs 56 ± 12%, P = .002), lower speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived LV systolic longitudinal strain values (-18 ± 2% vs -21 ± 2%, P < .001), and lower speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived LV early diastolic strain rate values (1.7 ± 0.3 vs 2.5 ± 0.4, P < .001). Carotid intima-media thickness was increased, pulse-wave velocity was faster, and arterial distension coefficients were lower in obesechildren. The ratio of arterial elastance to LV end-systolic elastance (a marker of ventricular-arterial coupling) was lower in obesechildren than controls (0.73 ± 0.32 vs 0.47 ± 0.15, P = .003). Changes in vascular parameters were correlated with changes in longitudinal myocardial deformation parameters. CONCLUSIONS:Obesechildren with lipid abnormalities have reduced systolic and diastolic LV deformation characteristics, early vessel wall changes, and increased arterial stiffness. Abnormal ventricular-vascular interaction is suggested by these data and warrants further investigation.
Authors: Philip T Levy; Aliza Machefsky; Aura A Sanchez; Meghna D Patel; Sarah Rogal; Susan Fowler; Lauren Yaeger; Angela Hardi; Mark R Holland; Aaron Hamvas; Gautam K Singh Journal: J Am Soc Echocardiogr Date: 2015-12-30 Impact factor: 5.251
Authors: S A Abbasi; W G Hundley; D A Bluemke; M Jerosch-Herold; R Blankstein; Steffen E Petersen; Oliver J Rider; J A C Lima; M A Allison; V L Murthy; R V Shah Journal: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis Date: 2015-04-16 Impact factor: 4.222
Authors: Yanina Zócalo; Marco Marotta; Victoria García-Espinosa; Santiago Curcio; Pedro Chiesa; Gustavo Giachetto; Daniel Bia Journal: High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev Date: 2017-05-15
Authors: Smita Mehta; Philip R Khoury; Nicolas L Madsen; Lawrence M Dolan; Thomas R Kimball; Elaine M Urbina Journal: J Am Soc Echocardiogr Date: 2017-11-23 Impact factor: 5.251
Authors: Christopher F Spurney; Francis M McCaffrey; Avital Cnaan; Lauren P Morgenroth; Sunil J Ghelani; Heather Gordish-Dressman; Adrienne Arrieta; Anne M Connolly; Timothy E Lotze; Craig M McDonald; Robert T Leshner; Paula R Clemens Journal: J Am Soc Echocardiogr Date: 2015-04-21 Impact factor: 5.251