CONTEXT: Substance use disorders (SUD) are a major public health problem. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a comorbid condition associated with both onset and prognosis of SUD. Prevalence estimates of ADHD in SUD vary significantly. OBJECTIVE: To obtain a best estimate of the prevalence of ADHD in SUD populations. DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE. Search terms were ADHD, substance-related disorders, addiction, drug abuse, drug dependence, alcohol abuse, alcoholism, comorbidity, and prevalence. Results were limited to the English language. STUDY SELECTION: After assessing the quality of the retrieved studies, 29 studies were selected. Studies in which nicotine was the primary drug of abuse were not included. DATA EXTRACTION: All relevant data were extracted and analysed in a meta-analysis. A series of meta-regression analyses was performed to evaluate the effect of age, primary substance of abuse, setting and assessment procedure on the prevalence of ADHD in a variety of SUD populations. DATA SYNTHESIS: Overall, 23.1% (CI: 19.4-27.2%) of all SUD subjects met DSM-criteria for comorbid ADHD. Cocaine dependence was associated with lower ADHD prevalence than alcohol dependence, opioid dependence and other addictions. Studies using the DICA or the SADS-L for the diagnosis of ADHD showed significantly higher comorbidity rates than studies using the KSADS, DISC, DIS or other assessment instruments. CONCLUSIONS: ADHD is present in almost one out of every four patients with SUD. The prevalence estimate is dependent on substance of abuse and assessment instrument.
CONTEXT: Substance use disorders (SUD) are a major public health problem. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a comorbid condition associated with both onset and prognosis of SUD. Prevalence estimates of ADHD in SUD vary significantly. OBJECTIVE: To obtain a best estimate of the prevalence of ADHD in SUD populations. DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE. Search terms were ADHD, substance-related disorders, addiction, drug abuse, drug dependence, alcohol abuse, alcoholism, comorbidity, and prevalence. Results were limited to the English language. STUDY SELECTION: After assessing the quality of the retrieved studies, 29 studies were selected. Studies in which nicotine was the primary drug of abuse were not included. DATA EXTRACTION: All relevant data were extracted and analysed in a meta-analysis. A series of meta-regression analyses was performed to evaluate the effect of age, primary substance of abuse, setting and assessment procedure on the prevalence of ADHD in a variety of SUD populations. DATA SYNTHESIS: Overall, 23.1% (CI: 19.4-27.2%) of all SUD subjects met DSM-criteria for comorbid ADHD. Cocaine dependence was associated with lower ADHD prevalence than alcohol dependence, opioid dependence and other addictions. Studies using the DICA or the SADS-L for the diagnosis of ADHD showed significantly higher comorbidity rates than studies using the KSADS, DISC, DIS or other assessment instruments. CONCLUSIONS:ADHD is present in almost one out of every four patients with SUD. The prevalence estimate is dependent on substance of abuse and assessment instrument.
Authors: Geurt Van de Glind; Christoffer Brynte; Arvid Skutle; Sharlene Kaye; Maija Konstenius; Frances Levin; Frieda Mathys; Zsolt Demetrovics; Franz Moggi; Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; Arnt Schellekens; Cleo Crunelle; Geert Dom; Wim van den Brink; Johan Franck Journal: Eur Addict Res Date: 2020-06-29 Impact factor: 3.015
Authors: Geurt van de Glind; Katelijne Van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen; Pieter Jan Carpentier; Frances R Levin; Maarten W J Koeter; Csaba Barta; Sharlene Kaye; Arvid Skutle; Johan Franck; Maija Konstenius; Eli-Torild Bu; Franz Moggi; Geert Dom; Zolt Demetrovics; Mélina Fatséas; Arild Schillinger; Máté Kapitány-Fövény; Sofie Verspreet; Andrea Seitz; Brian Johnson; Stephen V Faraone; J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; Steve Allsop; Susan Carruthers; Robert A Schoevers; Wim van den Brink Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2013-09-11 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: Sharlene Kaye; Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; Geurt van de Glind; Frances R Levin; Stephen V Faraone; Steve Allsop; Louisa Degenhardt; Franz Moggi; Csaba Barta; Maija Konstenius; Johan Franck; Arvid Skutle; Eli-Torild Bu; Maarten W J Koeter; Zsolt Demetrovics; Máté Kapitány-Fövény; Robert A Schoevers; Katelijne van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen; Pieter-Jan Carpentier; Geert Dom; Sofie Verspreet; Cleo L Crunelle; Jesse T Young; Susan Carruthers; Joanne Cassar; Melina Fatséas; Marc Auriacombe; Brian Johnson; Matthew Dunn; Ortal Slobodin; Wim van den Brink Journal: J Atten Disord Date: 2016-02-27 Impact factor: 3.256
Authors: Chloe J Jordan; Roxann C Harvey; Britahny B Baskin; Linda P Dwoskin; Kathleen M Kantak Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2014-04-28 Impact factor: 4.492