Michal Sibony1, Nicola L Jones. 1. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Helicobacter pylori is implicated in numerous gastric pathologies; however, the prevalence of infection is declining in developed countries. Therefore, it is important to understand the complex mechanism of its interaction with the host and how the changing epidemiology of infection may impact on disease. In this review, we systemically revisit the major novel discoveries of the last year relating to H. pylori disease pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS: Novel pathways have been implicated in H. pylori cytotoxin-associated gene (CagA) mediated carcinogenesis, highlighting the aberrant regulation of proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, the human microbiome was implicated as having a key role in H. pylori-related disease development. Several studies have begun to delineate the mechanisms behind the epidemiologically inverse correlation of H. pylori infection with asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. SUMMARY: The recent findings enable researchers to focus on novel and previously unsuspected mechanisms in the development of disease, and prompt further research into possible therapeutic approaches. The potential beneficial aspects of H. pylori colonization and the role bacterial flora play in promoting disease have yet to be elucidated, but promise to have a great impact on patient care.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Helicobacter pylori is implicated in numerous gastric pathologies; however, the prevalence of infection is declining in developed countries. Therefore, it is important to understand the complex mechanism of its interaction with the host and how the changing epidemiology of infection may impact on disease. In this review, we systemically revisit the major novel discoveries of the last year relating to H. pylori disease pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS: Novel pathways have been implicated in H. pylori cytotoxin-associated gene (CagA) mediated carcinogenesis, highlighting the aberrant regulation of proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, the human microbiome was implicated as having a key role in H. pylori-related disease development. Several studies have begun to delineate the mechanisms behind the epidemiologically inverse correlation of H. pyloriinfection with asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. SUMMARY: The recent findings enable researchers to focus on novel and previously unsuspected mechanisms in the development of disease, and prompt further research into possible therapeutic approaches. The potential beneficial aspects of H. pylori colonization and the role bacterial flora play in promoting disease have yet to be elucidated, but promise to have a great impact on patient care.
Authors: Dana M Hardbower; Kshipra Singh; Mohammad Asim; Thomas G Verriere; Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez; Daniel P Barry; Margaret M Allaman; M Kay Washington; Richard M Peek; M Blanca Piazuelo; Keith T Wilson Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2016-08-02 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Nele de Klerk; Lisa Maudsdotter; Hanna Gebreegziabher; Sunil D Saroj; Beatrice Eriksson; Olaspers Sara Eriksson; Stefan Roos; Sara Lindén; Hong Sjölinder; Ann-Beth Jonsson Journal: Infect Immun Date: 2016-04-22 Impact factor: 3.441
Authors: Dana M Hardbower; Mohammad Asim; Tracy Murray-Stewart; Robert A Casero; Thomas Verriere; Nuruddeen D Lewis; Rupesh Chaturvedi; M Blanca Piazuelo; Keith T Wilson Journal: Amino Acids Date: 2016-04-13 Impact factor: 3.520