BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are used in animal confinement buildings, such as cage-housed (CH) and floor-housed (FH) poultry operations, to lower the likeliness of disease transmission. In FH facilities, antibiotics may also be used at sub-therapeutic levels for growth promotion. Low levels of antibiotic create a selective pressure toward antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in chicken fecal bacteria. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare bacteria and AMR genes in bioaerosols from CH and FH poultry facilities. METHODS: Bioaerosols were collected from 15 CH and 15 FH poultry operations, using stationary area samplers as well as personal sampling devices. Bacteria concentrations were determined by genus- or species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and AMR genes were detected using endpoint PCR. RESULTS: Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp. were significantly higher in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations than CH bioaerosols (P < 0.001) while Clostridium perfringens was significantly higher in area bioaerosols of CH operations than FH area bioaerosols (P < 0.05). Campylobacter spp. were detected only in bioaerosols of FH facilities. Zinc bacitracin resistance gene, bcrR, erythromycin resistance gene, ermA, and tetracycline resistance gene, tetA/C, were more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH facilities than CH bioaerosols (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Most bacteria are more concentrated and most AMR genes are more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations, where growth-promoting antibiotics may be used.
BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are used in animal confinement buildings, such as cage-housed (CH) and floor-housed (FH) poultry operations, to lower the likeliness of disease transmission. In FH facilities, antibiotics may also be used at sub-therapeutic levels for growth promotion. Low levels of antibiotic create a selective pressure toward antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in chicken fecal bacteria. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare bacteria and AMR genes in bioaerosols from CH and FH poultry facilities. METHODS: Bioaerosols were collected from 15 CH and 15 FH poultry operations, using stationary area samplers as well as personal sampling devices. Bacteria concentrations were determined by genus- or species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and AMR genes were detected using endpoint PCR. RESULTS: Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp. were significantly higher in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations than CH bioaerosols (P < 0.001) while Clostridium perfringens was significantly higher in area bioaerosols of CH operations than FH area bioaerosols (P < 0.05). Campylobacter spp. were detected only in bioaerosols of FH facilities. Zinc bacitracin resistance gene, bcrR, erythromycin resistance gene, ermA, and tetracycline resistance gene, tetA/C, were more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH facilities than CH bioaerosols (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Most bacteria are more concentrated and most AMR genes are more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations, where growth-promoting antibiotics may be used.
Authors: Juliana V Teixeira; Pedro Cecílio; Daniela Gonçalves; Vítor J P Vilar; Eugénia Pinto; Helena N Ferreira Journal: Environ Monit Assess Date: 2016-06-03 Impact factor: 2.513
Authors: Paul B L George; Florent Rossi; Magali-Wen St-Germain; Pierre Amato; Thierry Badard; Michel G Bergeron; Maurice Boissinot; Steve J Charette; Brenda L Coleman; Jacques Corbeil; Alexander I Culley; Marie-Lou Gaucher; Matthieu Girard; Stéphane Godbout; Shelley P Kirychuk; André Marette; Allison McGeer; Patrick T O'Shaughnessy; E Jane Parmley; Serge Simard; Richard J Reid-Smith; Edward Topp; Luc Trudel; Maosheng Yao; Patrick Brassard; Anne-Marie Delort; Araceli D Larios; Valérie Létourneau; Valérie E Paquet; Marie-Hélène Pedneau; Émilie Pic; Brooke Thompson; Marc Veillette; Mary Thaler; Ilaria Scapino; Maria Lebeuf; Mahsa Baghdadi; Alejandra Castillo Toro; Amélia Bélanger Cayouette; Marie-Julie Dubois; Alicia F Durocher; Sarah B Girard; Andrea Katherín Carranza Diaz; Asmaâ Khalloufi; Samantha Leclerc; Joanie Lemieux; Manuel Pérez Maldonado; Geneviève Pilon; Colleen P Murphy; Charly A Notling; Daniel Ofori-Darko; Juliette Provencher; Annabelle Richer-Fortin; Nathalie Turgeon; Caroline Duchaine Journal: Antibiotics (Basel) Date: 2022-07-19
Authors: Jinlyung Choi; Elizabeth L Rieke; Thomas B Moorman; Michelle L Soupir; Heather K Allen; Schuyler D Smith; Adina Howe Journal: FEMS Microbiol Ecol Date: 2018-04-01 Impact factor: 4.194