BACKGROUND: Prior studies have shown an increased vulnerability among males to adverse outcomes during the postnatal period. Most children exposed to opioids and other medications in utero develop neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), yet individual predisposition for NAS is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: This investigation examined the role of neonatal sex in the postnatal period for neonates exposed to standardized opioid maintenance treatment in utero with a focus on NAS regarding severity, medication requirements, and duration. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of data collected in a prospective randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter trial (MOTHER study) that examined the comparative safety and efficacy of methadone and buprenorphine during pregnancy. A total of 131 neonates born to opioid-dependent women randomized at 6 US sites (n = 74) and 1 European site (n = 37) were analyzed. Sex-based differences in birth weight, length, head circumference, NAS duration, NAS severity, and treatment parameters of full-term neonates were assessed. RESULTS: Males had a significantly higher birth weight (P = 0.027) and head circumference (P = 0.017) compared with females, with no significant sex difference in rates of preterm delivery. No significant sex-related differences were found for NAS development, severity, or duration, or medication administered, and there were no significant differences in concomitant drug consumption during pregnancy (P = 0.959). CONCLUSIONS: This unique prospective study shows similar postnatal vulnerability for both sexes, suggesting that factors other than sex are the major determinants of clinically significant NAS. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT 00271219.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Prior studies have shown an increased vulnerability among males to adverse outcomes during the postnatal period. Most children exposed to opioids and other medications in utero develop neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), yet individual predisposition for NAS is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: This investigation examined the role of neonatal sex in the postnatal period for neonates exposed to standardized opioid maintenance treatment in utero with a focus on NAS regarding severity, medication requirements, and duration. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of data collected in a prospective randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter trial (MOTHER study) that examined the comparative safety and efficacy of methadone and buprenorphine during pregnancy. A total of 131 neonates born to opioid-dependent women randomized at 6 US sites (n = 74) and 1 European site (n = 37) were analyzed. Sex-based differences in birth weight, length, head circumference, NAS duration, NAS severity, and treatment parameters of full-term neonates were assessed. RESULTS: Males had a significantly higher birth weight (P = 0.027) and head circumference (P = 0.017) compared with females, with no significant sex difference in rates of preterm delivery. No significant sex-related differences were found for NAS development, severity, or duration, or medication administered, and there were no significant differences in concomitant drug consumption during pregnancy (P = 0.959). CONCLUSIONS: This unique prospective study shows similar postnatal vulnerability for both sexes, suggesting that factors other than sex are the major determinants of clinically significant NAS. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT 00271219.
Authors: Dick J Bekedam; Simone Engelsbel; Ben W j Mol; Simone E Buitendijk; Karin M van der Pal-de Bruin Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2002-12 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Jennifer Plebani Lussier; Sarah H Heil; Joan A Mongeon; Gary J Badger; Stephen T Higgins Journal: Addiction Date: 2006-02 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Hendree E Jones; Rolley E Johnson; Donald R Jasinski; Kevin E O'Grady; Christian A Chisholm; Robin E Choo; Michael Crocetti; Robert Dudas; Cheryl Harrow; Marilyn A Huestis; Lauren M Jansson; Michael Lantz; Barry M Lester; Lorraine Milio Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2005-07 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Bryce A Griffin; Caitlin O Caperton; Lauren N Russell; Christian V Cabanlong; Catheryn D Wilson; Kyle R Urquhart; Bradford S Martins; Marcelle Dina Zita; Amy L Patton; Alexander W Alund; S Michael Owens; William E Fantegrossi; Jeffery H Moran; Lisa K Brents Journal: J Pharmacol Exp Ther Date: 2019-04-26 Impact factor: 4.030
Authors: M Katherine Charles; William O Cooper; Lauren M Jansson; Judith Dudley; James C Slaughter; Stephen W Patrick Journal: Hosp Pediatr Date: 2017-05-02