BACKGROUND: Despite the political intention to limit nickel allergy and dermatitis in Europeans, nickel allergy remains frequent. There are several explanations for the persistence of nickel allergy and dermatitis, including the increasing use of mobile phones. Before regulation of nickel release from mobile phones, we showed that eight (19.5%) of 41 mobile phones marketed in Denmark between 2003 and 2007 released nickel in concentrations that may result in nickel allergy and dermatitis. In 2009, the EU Nickel Directive was revised to include nickel-releasing mobile phones. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the proportion of mobile phones sold in Denmark that release nickel after regulation. METHODS: Metallic parts from 50 randomly selected mobile phones currently for sale in Denmark were tested for nickel release by use of the dimethylglyoxime (DMG)-nickel spot test. RESULTS: Nine (18%) phones showed at least one positive DMG test reaction and two phones had more than one DMG test-positive spot. CONCLUSIONS: Apparently, the proportion of mobile phones with significant nickel release remains unchanged, despite the 2009 revision of the EU Nickel Directive. We encourage manufacturers to measure nickel release from metallic components used in the assembly of mobile phones to ensure safe products.
BACKGROUND: Despite the political intention to limit nickelallergy and dermatitis in Europeans, nickelallergy remains frequent. There are several explanations for the persistence of nickelallergy and dermatitis, including the increasing use of mobile phones. Before regulation of nickel release from mobile phones, we showed that eight (19.5%) of 41 mobile phones marketed in Denmark between 2003 and 2007 released nickel in concentrations that may result in nickelallergy and dermatitis. In 2009, the EU Nickel Directive was revised to include nickel-releasing mobile phones. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the proportion of mobile phones sold in Denmark that release nickel after regulation. METHODS: Metallic parts from 50 randomly selected mobile phones currently for sale in Denmark were tested for nickel release by use of the dimethylglyoxime (DMG)-nickel spot test. RESULTS: Nine (18%) phones showed at least one positive DMG test reaction and two phones had more than one DMG test-positive spot. CONCLUSIONS: Apparently, the proportion of mobile phones with significant nickel release remains unchanged, despite the 2009 revision of the EU Nickel Directive. We encourage manufacturers to measure nickel release from metallic components used in the assembly of mobile phones to ensure safe products.
Authors: Annika Jakob; Franz Mussotter; Stefanie Ohnesorge; Lisa Dietz; Julian Pardo; Ian D Haidl; Hermann-Josef Thierse Journal: Cell Death Dis Date: 2017-03-16 Impact factor: 8.469
Authors: Stéphane L Benoit; Alan A Schmalstig; John Glushka; Susan E Maier; Arthur S Edison; Robert J Maier Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2019-09-25 Impact factor: 4.379