BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infected patients are frequently repeatedly exposed to the virus, but very few recombinants between two genotypes have been reported. FINDINGS: We describe the discovery of an HCV recombinant using a method developed in a United States clinical lab for HCV genotyping that employs sequencing of both 5' and 3' portions of the HCV genome. Over twelve months, 133 consecutive isolates were analyzed, and a virus from one patient was found with discordant 5' and 3' sequences suggesting it was a genotype 2b/1a recombinant. We ruled out a mixed infection and mapped a recombination point near the NS2/3 cleavage site. CONCLUSIONS: This unique HCV recombinant virus described shares some features with other recombinant viruses although it is the only reported recombinant of a genotype 2 with a subtype 1a. This recombinant represents a conundrum for current clinical treatment guidelines, including treatment with protease inhibitors. This recombinant is also challenging to detect by the most commonly employed methods of genotyping that are directed primarily at the 5' structural portion of the HCV genome.
BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infectedpatients are frequently repeatedly exposed to the virus, but very few recombinants between two genotypes have been reported. FINDINGS: We describe the discovery of an HCV recombinant using a method developed in a United States clinical lab for HCV genotyping that employs sequencing of both 5' and 3' portions of the HCV genome. Over twelve months, 133 consecutive isolates were analyzed, and a virus from one patient was found with discordant 5' and 3' sequences suggesting it was a genotype 2b/1a recombinant. We ruled out a mixed infection and mapped a recombination point near the NS2/3 cleavage site. CONCLUSIONS: This unique HCV recombinant virus described shares some features with other recombinant viruses although it is the only reported recombinant of a genotype 2 with a subtype 1a. This recombinant represents a conundrum for current clinical treatment guidelines, including treatment with protease inhibitors. This recombinant is also challenging to detect by the most commonly employed methods of genotyping that are directed primarily at the 5' structural portion of the HCV genome.
Authors: K S Lole; R C Bollinger; R S Paranjape; D Gadkari; S S Kulkarni; N G Novak; R Ingersoll; H W Sheppard; S C Ray Journal: J Virol Date: 1999-01 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: T Poynard; P Marcellin; S S Lee; C Niederau; G S Minuk; G Ideo; V Bain; J Heathcote; S Zeuzem; C Trepo; J Albrecht Journal: Lancet Date: 1998-10-31 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: N Enomoto; I Sakuma; Y Asahina; M Kurosaki; T Murakami; C Yamamoto; Y Ogura; N Izumi; F Marumo; C Sato Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1996-01-11 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: J G McHutchison; S C Gordon; E R Schiff; M L Shiffman; W M Lee; V K Rustgi; Z D Goodman; M H Ling; S Cort; J K Albrecht Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1998-11-19 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Johannes Vermehren; Christoph Sarrazin; Kai-Henrik Peiffer; Lisa Kuhnhenn; Evelyn Stelzl; Julia Dietz; Simone Susser; Andrea Oliver Tal; Fabian Finkelmeier; Eli Zuckerman; Marcus Cornberg; Mira Barak; Valeria Piazzolla; Alessandra Mangia; Stefan Zeuzem; Harald H Kessler Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2019-06-25 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Ruchi M Newman; Thomas Kuntzen; Brian Weiner; Andrew Berical; Patrick Charlebois; Carla Kuiken; Donald G Murphy; Peter Simmonds; Phil Bennett; Niall J Lennon; Bruce W Birren; Michael C Zody; Todd M Allen; Matthew R Henn Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2012-11-06 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: James C Iles; Richard Njouom; Yacouba Foupouapouognigni; David Bonsall; Rory Bowden; Amy Trebes; Paolo Piazza; Ellie Barnes; Jacques Pépin; Paul Klenerman; Oliver G Pybus Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2015-07-22 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Donald B Smith; Jens Bukh; Carla Kuiken; A Scott Muerhoff; Charles M Rice; Jack T Stapleton; Peter Simmonds Journal: Hepatology Date: 2014-01 Impact factor: 17.425