OBJECTIVE: Lean mass is associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in athletes, attributable to the anabolic pull of muscle on bone. Fat mass is also important, and subcutaneous fat positively and visceral fat negatively correlates with BMD in obese adolescents. The contribution of regional body composition to low BMD in amenorrheic athletes (AA) has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that in adolescent athletes (runners), BMD is associated positively with total fat (surrogate for subcutaneous fat) and lean mass, and inversely with percent trunk fat and trunk-to-extremity fat ratio (surrogates for visceral fat). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined BMD and body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 21 AA and 19 eumenorrheic athletes (EA) (12-18 years) (runners). We report total hip and height-adjusted BMD [lumbar bone mineral apparent density (LBMAD) and whole body bone mineral content/height (WBBMC/Ht)]. RESULTS: AA had lower BMD than EA. Lean mass was less strongly associated with hip BMD in AA than EA; fat mass was positively associated with LBMAD in EA. Percent trunk fat and trunk-to-extremity fat ratio were inversely associated with lumbar and WB measures in AA. In a regression model, lean and fat mass were positively, and percent trunk fat and trunk-to-extremity fat ratio negatively associated with LBMAD and WBBMC/Ht for all athletes, even after controlling for serum estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: DXA surrogates for visceral fat are inversely associated with bone density in athletes.
OBJECTIVE: Lean mass is associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in athletes, attributable to the anabolic pull of muscle on bone. Fat mass is also important, and subcutaneous fat positively and visceral fat negatively correlates with BMD in obese adolescents. The contribution of regional body composition to low BMD in amenorrheic athletes (AA) has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that in adolescent athletes (runners), BMD is associated positively with total fat (surrogate for subcutaneous fat) and lean mass, and inversely with percent trunk fat and trunk-to-extremity fat ratio (surrogates for visceral fat). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined BMD and body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 21 AA and 19 eumenorrheic athletes (EA) (12-18 years) (runners). We report total hip and height-adjusted BMD [lumbar bone mineral apparent density (LBMAD) and whole body bone mineral content/height (WBBMC/Ht)]. RESULTS: AA had lower BMD than EA. Lean mass was less strongly associated with hip BMD in AA than EA; fat mass was positively associated with LBMAD in EA. Percent trunk fat and trunk-to-extremity fat ratio were inversely associated with lumbar and WB measures in AA. In a regression model, lean and fat mass were positively, and percent trunk fat and trunk-to-extremity fat ratio negatively associated with LBMAD and WBBMC/Ht for all athletes, even after controlling for serum estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: DXA surrogates for visceral fat are inversely associated with bone density in athletes.
Authors: Scott Going; Timothy Lohman; Linda Houtkooper; Lauve Metcalfe; Hilary Flint-Wagner; Robert Blew; Vanessa Stanford; Ellen Cussler; Jane Martin; Pedro Teixeira; Margaret Harris; Laura Milliken; Arturo Figueroa-Galvez; Judith Weber Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2003-07-03 Impact factor: 4.507
Authors: Karla Christo; Rajani Prabhakaran; Brooke Lamparello; Jennalee Cord; Karen K Miller; Mark A Goldstein; Nupur Gupta; David B Herzog; Anne Klibanski; Madhusmita Misra Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2008-06 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: L G Machado; D S Domiciano; C P Figueiredo; V F Caparbo; L Takayama; R M Oliveira; J B Lopes; P R Menezes; R M R Pereira Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2016-06-28 Impact factor: 4.507
Authors: Joshua F Baker; Jin Long; Sogol Mostoufi-Moab; Michele Denburg; Erik Jorgenson; Prerna Sharma; Babette S Zemel; Elena Taratuta; Said Ibrahim; Mary B Leonard Journal: J Rheumatol Date: 2017-09-15 Impact factor: 4.666
Authors: Madhusmita Misra; Kathryn E Ackerman; Miriam A Bredella; Fatima Cody Stanford; Alexander T Faje; Alexandra Nordberg; Nicholas P Derrico; Mary L Bouxsein Journal: J Racial Ethn Health Disparities Date: 2016-07-07
Authors: Adi Cohen; David W Dempster; Robert R Recker; Joan M Lappe; Hua Zhou; Alexander Zwahlen; Ralph Müller; Binsheng Zhao; Xiaotao Guo; Thomas Lang; Isra Saeed; X Sherry Liu; X Edward Guo; Serge Cremers; Clifford J Rosen; Emily M Stein; Thomas L Nickolas; Donald J McMahon; Polly Young; Elizabeth Shane Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2013-03-20 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: K Zhu; K Briffa; A Smith; J Mountain; A M Briggs; S Lye; C Pennell; L Straker; J P Walsh Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2014-03-20 Impact factor: 4.507