BACKGROUND: XMRV is a gammaretrovirus first identified in prostate tissues of Prostate Cancer (PC) patients and later in the blood cells of patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Although XMRV is thought to use XPR1 for cell entry, it infects A549 cells that do not express XPR1, suggesting usage of other receptors or co-receptors. METHODS: To study the usage of different receptors and co- receptors that could play a role in XMRV infection of lymphoid cells and GHOST (GFP- Human osteosarcoma) cells expressing CD4 along with different chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR2, etc., were infected with XMRV. Culture supernatants and cells were tested for XMRV replication using real time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Infection and replication of XMRV was seen in a variety of GHOST cells, LNCaP, DU145, A549 and Caski cell lines. The levels of XMRV replication varied in different cell lines showing differential replication in different cell lines. However, replication in A549 which lacks XPR1 expression was relatively higher than DU145 but lower than, LNCaP. XMRV replication varied in GHOST cell lines expressing CD4 and each of the co- receptors CCR1-CCR8 and bob. There was significant replication of XMRV in CCR3 and Bonzo although it is much lower when compared to DU145, A549 and LNCaP. CONCLUSION: XMRV replication was observed in GHOST cells that express CD4 and each of the chemokine receptors ranging from CCR1- CCR8 and BOB suggesting that infectivity in hematopoietic cells could be mediated by use of these receptors.
BACKGROUND:XMRV is a gammaretrovirus first identified in prostate tissues of Prostate Cancer (PC) patients and later in the blood cells of patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Although XMRV is thought to use XPR1 for cell entry, it infects A549 cells that do not express XPR1, suggesting usage of other receptors or co-receptors. METHODS: To study the usage of different receptors and co- receptors that could play a role in XMRV infection of lymphoid cells and GHOST (GFP- Humanosteosarcoma) cells expressing CD4 along with different chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR2, etc., were infected with XMRV. Culture supernatants and cells were tested for XMRV replication using real time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Infection and replication of XMRV was seen in a variety of GHOST cells, LNCaP, DU145, A549 and Caski cell lines. The levels of XMRV replication varied in different cell lines showing differential replication in different cell lines. However, replication in A549 which lacks XPR1 expression was relatively higher than DU145 but lower than, LNCaP. XMRV replication varied in GHOST cell lines expressing CD4 and each of the co- receptors CCR1-CCR8 and bob. There was significant replication of XMRV in CCR3 and Bonzo although it is much lower when compared to DU145, A549 and LNCaP. CONCLUSION:XMRV replication was observed in GHOST cells that express CD4 and each of the chemokine receptors ranging from CCR1- CCR8 and BOB suggesting that infectivity in hematopoietic cells could be mediated by use of these receptors.
Authors: Nattawat Onlamoon; Jaydip Das Gupta; Prachi Sharma; Kenneth Rogers; Suganthi Suppiah; Jeanne Rhea; Ross J Molinaro; Christina Gaughan; Beihua Dong; Eric A Klein; Xiaoxing Qiu; Sushil Devare; Gerald Schochetman; John Hackett; Robert H Silverman; François Villinger Journal: J Virol Date: 2011-02-16 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Emily C Knouf; Michael J Metzger; Patrick S Mitchell; Jason D Arroyo; John R Chevillet; Muneesh Tewari; A Dusty Miller Journal: J Virol Date: 2009-04-29 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Deanna Lee; Jaydip Das Gupta; Christina Gaughan; Imke Steffen; Ning Tang; Ka-Cheung Luk; Xiaoxing Qiu; Anatoly Urisman; Nicole Fischer; Ross Molinaro; Miranda Broz; Gerald Schochetman; Eric A Klein; Don Ganem; Joseph L Derisi; Graham Simmons; John Hackett; Robert H Silverman; Charles Y Chiu Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-09-18 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Meera Murgai; James Thomas; Olga Cherepanova; Krista Delviks-Frankenberry; Paul Deeble; Vinay K Pathak; David Rekosh; Gary Owens Journal: Retrovirology Date: 2013-03-27 Impact factor: 4.602