BACKGROUND: We investigated the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, safety profile, and feasibility of aerosolized gemcitabine (GCB) in patients with lung carcinoma. METHOD: Eleven patients with carcinoma localized in the lungs were studied in a dose escalation study of aerosolized GCB administered 1 day/week for 9 consecutive weeks. Safety data, scintigraphic assessment of the delivered dose and pharmacokinetic monitoring were analyzed. Patients were treated with doses of between 1 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (dose in the nebulizer), using a new inhaler device (Aeroneb Pro with an Idehaler Chamber). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The total dose of GCB delivered to the patient's lung was 42±16% of the initial amount of dose in the nebulizer. Safety data showed no hematologic toxicity, nephrotoxicity or neurotoxicity. At 4 mg/kg, one patient experienced grade 4 pulmonary toxicity (bronchospasm), which was the dose-limiting toxicity. Grade 2 and 3 toxic effects included fatigue, vomiting, dyspnea, and cough. Overall response: minor response in one patient, stable disease in four patients, progressive disease in four patients. Pharmacokinetic data showed very low plasma GCB levels. Maximal plasma concentration was observed at the end of nebulization. Aerosolized gemcitabin was safe, with minimal toxicity, for patients with lung carcinoma.
BACKGROUND: We investigated the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, safety profile, and feasibility of aerosolized gemcitabine (GCB) in patients with lung carcinoma. METHOD: Eleven patients with carcinoma localized in the lungs were studied in a dose escalation study of aerosolized GCB administered 1 day/week for 9 consecutive weeks. Safety data, scintigraphic assessment of the delivered dose and pharmacokinetic monitoring were analyzed. Patients were treated with doses of between 1 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (dose in the nebulizer), using a new inhaler device (Aeroneb Pro with an Idehaler Chamber). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The total dose of GCB delivered to the patient's lung was 42±16% of the initial amount of dose in the nebulizer. Safety data showed no hematologic toxicity, nephrotoxicity or neurotoxicity. At 4 mg/kg, one patient experienced grade 4 pulmonary toxicity (bronchospasm), which was the dose-limiting toxicity. Grade 2 and 3 toxic effects included fatigue, vomiting, dyspnea, and cough. Overall response: minor response in one patient, stable disease in four patients, progressive disease in four patients. Pharmacokinetic data showed very low plasma GCB levels. Maximal plasma concentration was observed at the end of nebulization. Aerosolized gemcitabin was safe, with minimal toxicity, for patients with lung carcinoma.
Authors: Susanne R Youngren-Ortiz; David B Hill; Peter R Hoffmann; Kenneth R Morris; Edward G Barrett; M Gregory Forest; Mahavir B Chougule Journal: J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv Date: 2017-03-09 Impact factor: 2.849
Authors: Noor Hafizah Arbain; Norazlinaliza Salim; Hamid Reza Fard Masoumi; Tin Wui Wong; Mahiran Basri; Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman Journal: Drug Deliv Transl Res Date: 2019-04 Impact factor: 4.617
Authors: James Verco; William Johnston; Michael Baltezor; Philip J Kuehl; Andrew Gigliotti; Steven A Belinsky; Anita Lopez; Ronald Wolff; Lauren Hylle; Gere diZerega Journal: J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv Date: 2018-10-25 Impact factor: 2.849