| Literature DB >> 21762634 |
Rongzhi Zhao1, Zhihao Wu, Qinghua Zhou.
Abstract
Metastasis is the transfer of malignant tumors from one organ to a distant organ. It is the most common cause of death in cancer patients. Different molecular mechanisms enable tumor cells to infiltrate the surrounding tissue, invade blood vessels and leave the blood stream at a different site. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for appropriate embryonic development, and this process is re-engaged in adults during wound healing, tissue regeneration, organ fibrosis, and cancer progression. EMT is the first step in tumor invasion and metastasis. A detailed knowledge of the molecular requirements for EMT in human cancer will help us to better understand tumor progression and to delineate more effective strategies for future therapeutic intervention.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2011 PMID: 21762634 PMCID: PMC6000277 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.07.11
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi ISSN: 1009-3419
EMT常见的一些标志物
Common biomarkers of EMT
| 名称 | 表达的改变 | 作用 |
| 细胞表面蛋白 | ||
| 上皮性钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin) | ↓ | 上皮细胞标志物,维持上皮细胞表型和极性的重要分子 |
| 神经性钙粘附蛋白(N-cadherin) | ↑ | 分布于神经和肌肉组织中以及恶性非癌性肿瘤,N-cadherin可促进肿瘤浸润转移,EMT发生时常伴有E-cadherin向N-cadherin的转化 |
| 紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1) | ↓ | 参与调节细胞物质转运和维持上皮极性,而且还与细胞增殖分化、肿瘤细胞转移、基因转录等过程的信息传递和调控有关 |
| 细胞骨架标志物 | ||
| | ↑ | 广泛分布于几乎所有的肌型细胞中,恶性肿瘤中能够反映新生血管情况,表达的增高与肿瘤的侵润和转移有关 |
| 波形蛋白(Vimentin) | ↑ | 间质细胞标志物,表达增高使细胞的迁移能力增加并常常伴有E-cadherin表达的降低 |
| | ↑ | 与E-cadherin和 |
| 细胞角蛋白(Cytokeratin) | ↓ | 上皮细胞标志物,具有维持正常细胞形态和功能的重要作用 |
| 细胞外基质蛋白 | ||
| 纤粘连蛋白(Fibronectin) | ↑ | EMT发生时增高,非特异性的 |
| 转录因子 | ||
| Snail | ↑ | 与E-cadherin启动子的E盒结合抑制其表达 |
| Slug | ↑ | Snail2,形成锌指结构,能够下调 |
| Twist | ↑ | 新近发现的一种诱导EMT的转录因子,能够独立地下调E-cadherin,并上调Fibronectin和N-cadherin |