Partners in crime: ubiquitin-mediated degradation and autophagy.

Recent focus on autophagy research has led to new insights on the involvement of ubiquitin (Ub)-mediated signaling as a selectivity factor in autophagy, which is generally considered a nonselective global degradation system. Emerging reports have demonstrated active crosstalk between the Ub-dependent proteolytic system and autophagy. This article highlights recent reports describing Ub-mediated selective autophagy regulated by the Toll-like receptor 4-induced immune response.