BACKGROUND: The assessment of a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) life-time history of alcohol dependence (LTH-AD) has been found to be moderately reliable and substantially heritable. However, in studies of the heritability of LTH-AD, measurement error could not be discriminated from the true unique environmental effects. The aims of this study were to: (i) estimate the reliability of LTH-AD in a population based sample, (ii) identify characteristics of LTH-AD predicting a reliable diagnosis, (iii) investigate the heritability of LTH-AD as a function of diagnostic confidence, and (iv) to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on LTH-AD correcting for measurement error. METHODS: An unselected sample of 4,203 male twins was interviewed twice approximately 1-year apart assessing DSM-IV LTH-AD over the same period of life. Logistic regression was used to identify clinical features that predict a reliable diagnosis LTH-AD. Genetic and environmental influences on reliable LTH-AD were examined using structural equation models. RESULTS: Reliability of the diagnosis of LTH-AD was moderate (κ = 0.54) and was predicted by the number of AD symptoms, treatment seeking, duration of most severe episode, and a great deal of time spent to obtain, use, or recover from alcohol use (DSM-IV AD criterion #5). Using an index of caseness, heritability of LTH-AD increased as a function of diagnostic confidence. Accounting for errors of measurement in a multivariate twin model, the heritability of LTH-AD increased from 55 to 71%. CONCLUSIONS: Reliably diagnosed LTH-AD can be predicted by characteristics relevant to the disorder. LTH-AD appears to be a moderately reliable disorder of high heritability. 2011 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
BACKGROUND: The assessment of a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) life-time history of alcohol dependence (LTH-AD) has been found to be moderately reliable and substantially heritable. However, in studies of the heritability of LTH-AD, measurement error could not be discriminated from the true unique environmental effects. The aims of this study were to: (i) estimate the reliability of LTH-AD in a population based sample, (ii) identify characteristics of LTH-AD predicting a reliable diagnosis, (iii) investigate the heritability of LTH-AD as a function of diagnostic confidence, and (iv) to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on LTH-AD correcting for measurement error. METHODS: An unselected sample of 4,203 male twins was interviewed twice approximately 1-year apart assessing DSM-IV LTH-AD over the same period of life. Logistic regression was used to identify clinical features that predict a reliable diagnosis LTH-AD. Genetic and environmental influences on reliable LTH-AD were examined using structural equation models. RESULTS: Reliability of the diagnosis of LTH-AD was moderate (κ = 0.54) and was predicted by the number of AD symptoms, treatment seeking, duration of most severe episode, and a great deal of time spent to obtain, use, or recover from alcohol use (DSM-IV AD criterion #5). Using an index of caseness, heritability of LTH-AD increased as a function of diagnostic confidence. Accounting for errors of measurement in a multivariate twin model, the heritability of LTH-AD increased from 55 to 71%. CONCLUSIONS: Reliably diagnosed LTH-AD can be predicted by characteristics relevant to the disorder. LTH-AD appears to be a moderately reliable disorder of high heritability. 2011 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
Authors: Sean P Farris; Brien P Riley; Robert W Williams; Megan K Mulligan; Michael F Miles; Marcelo F Lopez; Robert Hitzemann; Ovidiu D Iancu; Alexander Colville; Nicole A R Walter; Priscila Darakjian; Denesa L Oberbeck; James B Daunais; Christina L Zheng; Robert P Searles; Shannon K McWeeney; Kathleen A Grant; R Dayne Mayfield Journal: Alcohol Date: 2017-12-06 Impact factor: 2.405
Authors: Tom Rosenström; Fartein Ask Torvik; Eivind Ystrom; Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski; Nathan A Gillespie; Steven H Aggen; Robert F Krueger; Kenneth S Kendler; Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud Journal: Addiction Date: 2017-08-23 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Heike Anderson-Schmidt; Olga Beltcheva; Mariko D Brandon; Enda M Byrne; Eric J Diehl; Laramie Duncan; Suzanne D Gonzalez; Eilis Hannon; Katri Kantojärvi; Iordanis Karagiannidis; Mark Z Kos; Eszter Kotyuk; Benjamin I Laufer; Katarzyna Mantha; Nathaniel W McGregor; Sandra Meier; Vanessa Nieratschker; Helen Spiers; Alessio Squassina; Geeta A Thakur; Yash Tiwari; Biju Viswanath; Michael J Way; Cybele C P Wong; Anne O'Shea; Lynn E DeLisi Journal: Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet Date: 2013-01-22 Impact factor: 3.568