Comparative health risk assessment of electromagnetic fields.

Comparative health risk assessment of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has been performed in their entire frequency range from static fields until ionizing radiation. Due to considerable change of physical and biologic interaction and the nature of potential adverse health effects comparison was based on the carcinogenic potential of environmental EMF exposure levels. There was a need for sophisticated discrimination of levels of evidence as well as the available database. Conclusions were based on a synoptic view to results of different scientific approaches such as theoretical and biologic interaction modeling, evidence for accumulative effects, in vitro and in vivo investigations and epidemiologic studies. The comparative assessment revealed significant differences of objective results and public risk perception, and puts EMF risks into perspective. It highlights the necessity for individual's responsible behavior in terms of prudent avoidance. The comparison indicates where risk awareness might merit priority. This is not restricted to the UV range but includes also other exposures such as to nocturnal light or within infrared cabins.