BACKGROUND: In breast cancer, the validity of surrogate endpoints for overall survival (OS) is a matter of controversy. METHODS: In order to generate a hypothesis, we evaluated whether tumor response or progression-free survival (PFS) could be valid surrogates for OS in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Data from 30 patients were available from a phase II study of trastuzumab and capecitabine in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer resistant to both anthracyclines and taxanes. The proportional hazards (PH) model was applied to evaluate the relationship between OS and tumor response or PFS. In addition, to explore prognostic factors influencing OS or post-progression survival, the PH model with a stepwise regression procedure was applied. RESULTS: The relationship between tumor response and PFS was highly significant (P = 0.0036); however, there was no significant relationship between tumor response and OS or between PFS and OS. In the multivariate analysis, the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions (P = 0.0011), neutrophil count (P = 0.0033), and creatinine (P = 0.0085) were statistically significantly associated with OS. CONCLUSION: We generated a hypothesis that neither PFS nor tumor response were valid as surrogate endpoints for OS, at least in the phase II trial for metastatic breast cancer resistant to both anthracyclines and taxanes. We also found that the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, neutrophil count, and creatinine were prognostic factors for OS.
BACKGROUND: In breast cancer, the validity of surrogate endpoints for overall survival (OS) is a matter of controversy. METHODS: In order to generate a hypothesis, we evaluated whether tumor response or progression-free survival (PFS) could be valid surrogates for OS in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Data from 30 patients were available from a phase II study of trastuzumab and capecitabine in humanepidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer resistant to both anthracyclines and taxanes. The proportional hazards (PH) model was applied to evaluate the relationship between OS and tumor response or PFS. In addition, to explore prognostic factors influencing OS or post-progression survival, the PH model with a stepwise regression procedure was applied. RESULTS: The relationship between tumor response and PFS was highly significant (P = 0.0036); however, there was no significant relationship between tumor response and OS or between PFS and OS. In the multivariate analysis, the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions (P = 0.0011), neutrophil count (P = 0.0033), and creatinine (P = 0.0085) were statistically significantly associated with OS. CONCLUSION: We generated a hypothesis that neither PFS nor tumor response were valid as surrogate endpoints for OS, at least in the phase II trial for metastatic breast cancer resistant to both anthracyclines and taxanes. We also found that the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, neutrophil count, and creatinine were prognostic factors for OS.
Authors: N T Ueno; A U Buzdar; S E Singletary; F C Ames; M D McNeese; F A Holmes; R L Theriault; E A Strom; B J Wasaff; L Asmar; D Frye; G N Hortobagyi Journal: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol Date: 1997 Impact factor: 3.333
Authors: P Therasse; S G Arbuck; E A Eisenhauer; J Wanders; R S Kaplan; L Rubinstein; J Verweij; M Van Glabbeke; A T van Oosterom; M C Christian; S G Gwyther Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2000-02-02 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: Tomasz Burzykowski; Marc Buyse; Martine J Piccart-Gebhart; George Sledge; James Carmichael; Hans-Joachim Lück; John R Mackey; Jean-Marc Nabholtz; Robert Paridaens; Laura Biganzoli; Jacek Jassem; Marijke Bontenbal; Jacques Bonneterre; Stephen Chan; Gul Atalay Basaran; Patrick Therasse Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2008-04-20 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: H Schmidt; L Bastholt; P Geertsen; I J Christensen; S Larsen; J Gehl; H von der Maase Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2005-08-08 Impact factor: 7.640
Authors: Jorge Félix; Filipa Aragão; João M Almeida; Frederico J Calado; Diana Ferreira; António B S Parreira; Ricardo Rodrigues; João F R Rijo Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2013-03-16 Impact factor: 4.430