Analytical expressions for the transfer matrix to standardize scalp potentials to infinity reference.

A procedure based on the multiple expansion of the brain electrical generator is used here to derive analytical expressions for the transfer matrix necessary to obtain potentials referenced to infinity. Its features include: avoidance of computations that involve a large number of discrete dipole sources; faster evaluation compared to the use of the dipole layer; and a transparency showing the parameters that constitute the transfer matrix. The paper also proposes the construction of the standardization matrix without the use of the general inverse of a non-symmetrical matrix.