Lisa Reidy1, H Chip Walls, Bernard W Steele. 1. University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Miami, FL 33177, USA. lreidy@med.miami.edu
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Drug screening is rapid, inexpensive, and is often used in clinical, forensic, and workplace drug testing to gain informative results. This article seeks to determine if bupropion and/or its metabolites is resulting in false-positive amphetamine screening results in our case samples using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests. METHOD: Fortified urine and forensic case samples were used to determine crossreactivity of bupropion and its main metabolite to four different amphetamine and methamphetamine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS: Two of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits used to screen for amphetamine may result in false-positive results if bupropion metabolites are present in concentrations greater than 500 ng/mL. Three case samples gave a positive screen results for amphetamine using Amphetamine ULTRA kits, yet no amphetamines were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and all samples were positive for bupropion and metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Laboratory directors and clinicians should be aware of the characteristic of their chosen laboratory assay and should communicate this to physicians so that results can be interpreted accurately.
BACKGROUND: Drug screening is rapid, inexpensive, and is often used in clinical, forensic, and workplace drug testing to gain informative results. This article seeks to determine if bupropion and/or its metabolites is resulting in false-positive amphetamine screening results in our case samples using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests. METHOD: Fortified urine and forensic case samples were used to determine crossreactivity of bupropion and its main metabolite to four different amphetamine and methamphetamine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS: Two of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits used to screen for amphetamine may result in false-positive results if bupropion metabolites are present in concentrations greater than 500 ng/mL. Three case samples gave a positive screen results for amphetamine using Amphetamine ULTRA kits, yet no amphetamines were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and all samples were positive for bupropion and metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Laboratory directors and clinicians should be aware of the characteristic of their chosen laboratory assay and should communicate this to physicians so that results can be interpreted accurately.
Authors: Stephanie J Marin; Kelly Doyle; Annie Chang; Marta Concheiro-Guisan; Marilyn A Huestis; Kamisha L Johnson-Davis Journal: J Anal Toxicol Date: 2015-09-04 Impact factor: 3.367