PURPOSE: To investigate different types of circulating angiopoietic cells, such as vasculogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and mature EPCs (matEPCs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and with or without macrovascular disease (MVD). METHODS: One hundred twenty-six patients with T2DM-66 with MVD and 60 without MVD-were enrolled in a case-control study. MVD comprised coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, or various combinations of those conditions. By a modified Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) classification, 55 patients were classified without DR (CO), 19 with mild nonproliferative DR (mNPDR), 16 with moderate-severe NPDR (msNPDR), 19 with early proliferative diabetic retinopathy (ePDR), and 17 with high-risk PDR (hrPDR). CPCs (CD34/CD133), EPCs (CD34/CD133/CD30), and matEPCs (CD34/CD133/CD309/CD31) were enumerated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Patients with MVD CPCs, EPCs, and matEPCs showed a significant, stepwise decline with advancing stages of retinopathy. In contrast, in the patients without MVD, EPCs and matEPCs reached up to 56% of CPCs and 37% of EPCs. On the other hand, the percentage of EPCs and matEPCs was reduced to 5% of CPCs and EPCs each in MVD patients. Thus, the percentage of EPCs and matEPCs in comparison with that of CPCs and EPCs represented an 11- and 7-fold difference. CONCLUSIONS: The circulating angiopoietic CPCs, EPCs, and matEPCs in T2DM patients with DR had a different regulations, with increasing relative differences occurring in proliferative DR, apparently depending on the macrovascular comorbidities. Patients with MVD showed a strong retinopathy-stage-dependent depletion of all angiopoietic cells.
PURPOSE: To investigate different types of circulating angiopoietic cells, such as vasculogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and mature EPCs (matEPCs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and with or without macrovascular disease (MVD). METHODS: One hundred twenty-six patients with T2DM-66 with MVD and 60 without MVD-were enrolled in a case-control study. MVD comprised coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, or various combinations of those conditions. By a modified Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) classification, 55 patients were classified without DR (CO), 19 with mild nonproliferative DR (mNPDR), 16 with moderate-severe NPDR (msNPDR), 19 with early proliferative diabetic retinopathy (ePDR), and 17 with high-risk PDR (hrPDR). CPCs (CD34/CD133), EPCs (CD34/CD133/CD30), and matEPCs (CD34/CD133/CD309/CD31) were enumerated by flow cytometry. RESULTS:Patients with MVD CPCs, EPCs, and matEPCs showed a significant, stepwise decline with advancing stages of retinopathy. In contrast, in the patients without MVD, EPCs and matEPCs reached up to 56% of CPCs and 37% of EPCs. On the other hand, the percentage of EPCs and matEPCs was reduced to 5% of CPCs and EPCs each in MVD patients. Thus, the percentage of EPCs and matEPCs in comparison with that of CPCs and EPCs represented an 11- and 7-fold difference. CONCLUSIONS: The circulating angiopoietic CPCs, EPCs, and matEPCs in T2DM patients with DR had a different regulations, with increasing relative differences occurring in proliferative DR, apparently depending on the macrovascular comorbidities. Patients with MVD showed a strong retinopathy-stage-dependent depletion of all angiopoietic cells.
Authors: Noemi Lois; Rachel V McCarter; Christina O'Neill; Reinhold J Medina; Alan W Stitt Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Date: 2014-04-09 Impact factor: 5.555
Authors: Benedetta Maria Bonora; Mattia Albiero; Mario Luca Morieri; Roberta Cappellari; Francesco Ivan Amendolagine; Marta Mazzucato; Alberto Zambon; Elisabetta Iori; Angelo Avogaro; Gian Paolo Fadini Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2021-08-09 Impact factor: 10.122