OBJECTIVES: The authors tested the hypothesis that exercise treadmill testing (ETT)-induced ST-segment elevation (STE) in electrocardiographic lead aVR is an important indicator of significant left main coronary artery (LMCA) or ostial left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) stenosis. BACKGROUND: Although STE in lead aVR is an indicator of LMCA or very proximal LAD occlusion in acute coronary syndromes, its predictive power in the setting of ETT is uncertain. METHODS: Rest and stress electrocardiograms, clinical and stress test parameters, and single photon-emission computed tomographic myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) data, when available, were obtained in 454 subjects (378 with MPI) who underwent cardiac catheterization and standard Bruce ETT ≤ 6 months before catheterization. Patients were selected for LMCA or ostial LAD disease (≥ 50% stenosis) with or without other coronary artery disease (CAD), CAD (≥ 70% stenosis) without significant LMCA or ostial LAD, or no significant CAD. Univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses of clinical, electrocardiographic, stress test, and single photon-emission computed tomographic MPI variables were used to identify significant correlates of LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis. Bayesian analysis of the data also was performed. RESULTS: LMCA (n = 38) or ostial LAD (n = 42) stenosis occurred in 75 patients (5 patients had both). The remainder had CAD without LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis (n = 276) or no CAD (n = 103). In multivariate analysis, the strongest predictor was stress-induced STE in lead aVR (p < 0.0001, area under the curve 0.82). Both left ventricular ejection fraction (after stress) and percent reversible LAD ischemia on single photon-emission computed tomographic MPI also contributed significantly in multivariate analysis (p < 0.005 and p < 0.05, respectively, areas under the curve 0.60 and 0.64, respectively). Although additional electrocardiographic, stress test, and MPI variables were significant univariate predictors, none was statistically significant in multivariate analysis. At 1-mm STE in lead aVR, sensitivity for LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis was 75%, specificity was 81%, overall predictive accuracy was 80%, and post-test probability increased nearly 3 times from 17% to 45%. CONCLUSIONS: Stress (ETT)-induced STE in lead aVR is an important indicator of significant LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis and should not be ignored.
OBJECTIVES: The authors tested the hypothesis that exercise treadmill testing (ETT)-induced ST-segment elevation (STE) in electrocardiographic lead aVR is an important indicator of significant left main coronary artery (LMCA) or ostial left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) stenosis. BACKGROUND: Although STE in lead aVR is an indicator of LMCA or very proximal LAD occlusion in acute coronary syndromes, its predictive power in the setting of ETT is uncertain. METHODS: Rest and stress electrocardiograms, clinical and stress test parameters, and single photon-emission computed tomographic myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) data, when available, were obtained in 454 subjects (378 with MPI) who underwent cardiac catheterization and standard Bruce ETT ≤ 6 months before catheterization. Patients were selected for LMCA or ostial LAD disease (≥ 50% stenosis) with or without other coronary artery disease (CAD), CAD (≥ 70% stenosis) without significant LMCA or ostial LAD, or no significant CAD. Univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses of clinical, electrocardiographic, stress test, and single photon-emission computed tomographic MPI variables were used to identify significant correlates of LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis. Bayesian analysis of the data also was performed. RESULTS:LMCA (n = 38) or ostial LAD (n = 42) stenosis occurred in 75 patients (5 patients had both). The remainder had CAD without LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis (n = 276) or no CAD (n = 103). In multivariate analysis, the strongest predictor was stress-induced STE in lead aVR (p < 0.0001, area under the curve 0.82). Both left ventricular ejection fraction (after stress) and percent reversible LAD ischemia on single photon-emission computed tomographic MPI also contributed significantly in multivariate analysis (p < 0.005 and p < 0.05, respectively, areas under the curve 0.60 and 0.64, respectively). Although additional electrocardiographic, stress test, and MPI variables were significant univariate predictors, none was statistically significant in multivariate analysis. At 1-mm STE in lead aVR, sensitivity for LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis was 75%, specificity was 81%, overall predictive accuracy was 80%, and post-test probability increased nearly 3 times from 17% to 45%. CONCLUSIONS: Stress (ETT)-induced STE in lead aVR is an important indicator of significant LMCA or ostial LAD stenosis and should not be ignored.
Authors: Anoeshka S Dharampal; Stella L Papadopoulou; Alexia Rossi; W Bob Meijboom; Annick Weustink; Marcel Dijkshoorn; Koen Nieman; Eric H Boersma; Pim J de Feijter; Gabriel P Krestin Journal: Eur Radiol Date: 2013-06-28 Impact factor: 5.315
Authors: Andrzej Jaroszyński; Anna Jaroszyńska; Janusz Siebert; Wojciech Dąbrowski; Jarosław Niedziałek; Anna Bednarek-Skublewska; Tomasz Zapolski; Andrzej Wysokiński; Wojciech Załuska; Andrzej Książek; Todd T Schlegel Journal: Clin Exp Nephrol Date: 2015-02-28 Impact factor: 2.801
Authors: James McKinney; Ian Pitcher; Christopher B Fordyce; Masoud Yousefi; Tee Joo Yeo; Andrew Ignaszewski; Saul Isserow; Sammy Chan; Krishnan Ramanathan; Carolyn M Taylor Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-07-28 Impact factor: 3.240