Platelet depletion, platelet activation and coagulation during treatment with hemodialysis.

Bioincompatibility is the total of side effects during hemodialysis (HD) including, amongst others, changes in platelet (PLT) level. Deviations in PLT count, immature PLT count, PLT morphology, CD62p expression, Platelet Factor 4 (PF4), β-Thromboglobulin (β-TG), serotonin, Thrombin-Antithrombin III (TAT) and Prothrombin Fragment 1+2 (F1+2) are monitored before and during treatment with HD in order to elucidate the interaction between modifications in PLT morphology, PLT activation and markers concerning activation of coagulation. Different patterns with time indicate that there is no correlation between an increased amount of depleted PLTs and increased amounts of PLT activation markers such as CD62p, PF4, β-TG and serotonin. A statistically significant correlation between increased PLT activation markers and markers for increased activation of coagulation such as TAT and F1+2 has not been established. Only a weak correlation is demonstrated between the increase of markers for activation of coagulation and the decrease in PLT counts, immature PLT counts and depleted PLTs during HD treatment. The change in the extracorporeal circuit during HD is probably a more critical factor in the mechanism leading to activation of the coagulation pathway than the modifications in PLT morphology.