STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the 24-hour variation of macrophage migratory inhibitory factor (MIF), a cytokine which induces insensitivity to the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids, in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as compared to healthy adults with no OSA. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-three men and women with OSA (mean apnea/hypopnea index [AHI] = 39.5) and 24 healthy adults (Non-OSA, AHI = 5.1). MEASUREMENTS: Over a 24-h period, blood was collected every 2 h for MIF and cortisol determination. The following night, sleep was monitored with polysomnography. RESULTS: MIF showed a strong 24-h variation, with a peak at 04:00 and a nadir at 22:00. Patients with OSA showed 25% higher MIF levels (area under the curve) over 24 h than healthy controls. Furthermore, MIF levels were significantly associated with AHI and total arousal index (ArI), even after adjusting for BMI. Cortisol showed the expected 24-h variation (peaking at 06:00), but no cortisol differences were observed between OSA and Non-OSA groups. CONCLUSION: MIF is elevated in patients with OSA and is related to OSA severity, while there was no difference in cortisol levels. MIF is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which additionally inhibits the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. Thus, elevated MIF levels in OSA may contribute to elevated inflammation.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the 24-hour variation of macrophage migratory inhibitory factor (MIF), a cytokine which induces insensitivity to the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids, in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as compared to healthy adults with no OSA. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-three men and women with OSA (mean apnea/hypopnea index [AHI] = 39.5) and 24 healthy adults (Non-OSA, AHI = 5.1). MEASUREMENTS: Over a 24-h period, blood was collected every 2 h for MIF and cortisol determination. The following night, sleep was monitored with polysomnography. RESULTS:MIF showed a strong 24-h variation, with a peak at 04:00 and a nadir at 22:00. Patients with OSA showed 25% higher MIF levels (area under the curve) over 24 h than healthy controls. Furthermore, MIF levels were significantly associated with AHI and total arousal index (ArI), even after adjusting for BMI. Cortisol showed the expected 24-h variation (peaking at 06:00), but no cortisol differences were observed between OSA and Non-OSA groups. CONCLUSION:MIF is elevated in patients with OSA and is related to OSA severity, while there was no difference in cortisol levels. MIF is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which additionally inhibits the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. Thus, elevated MIF levels in OSA may contribute to elevated inflammation.
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Authors: A N Vgontzas; S Pejovic; E Zoumakis; H-M Lin; C M Bentley; E O Bixler; A Sarrigiannidis; M Basta; G P Chrousos Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2007-09-04 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: T Calandra; J Bernhagen; C N Metz; L A Spiegel; M Bacher; T Donnelly; A Cerami; R Bucala Journal: Nature Date: 1995-09-07 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Nikolai Petrovsky; Luis Socha; Diego Silva; Ashley B Grossman; Christine Metz; Richard Bucala Journal: Immunol Cell Biol Date: 2003-04 Impact factor: 5.126
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