Treating diabetic ulcers.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulceration is a serious secondary complication of diabetes mellitus and the most common cause of hospitalization in diabetic patients. The etiology of diabetic foot ulcerations is complex due to their multifactorial nature. Thus, addressing all of the factors involved remains instrumental in wound healing. AREAS COVERED: The first part of this review focuses on the pathophysiology of diabetic foot ulceration and wound-healing impairment. The second part reviews the standard treatments, including advanced wound-care products and new therapeutic approaches currently under investigation. The reader will understand the most up-to-date research regarding the unique pathophysiology of diabetic foot ulceration along with the basic cornerstones of current recommended standard therapy. EXPERT OPINION: Diabetic foot ulceration is a serious complication that can lead--potentially--to devastating lower-extremity amputations. Proper adherence to standard treatment strategies can potentially prevent the need for amputation.