Theory of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering by collective magnetic excitations.

I present a tractable theory for the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) of magnons. The low-energy transition operator is written as a product of local spin operators and fundamental x-ray absorption spectral functions. This leads to simple selection rules. The scattering cross section linear (quadratic) in spin operators is proportional to the fundamental magnetic circular (linear) dichroic spectral function. RIXS is a novel tool to measure magnetic quasiparticles (magnons) and the incoherent spectral weight, as well as multiple magnons up to very high energy losses, in small samples, thin films, and multilayers, complementary to neutron scattering.