OBJECTIVES: Breast-fed C-allele carriers of the rs174575 single nucleotide polymorphism in the fatty acyl desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene have been reported to show a 6.4 to 7 IQ point advantage over formula-fed C-allele carriers, with no effect of breast-feeding in GG carriers. An Australian sample was examined to determine if an interaction between breast-feeding and the rs174575 single nucleotide polymorphism had any effect on IQ. METHOD: This hypothesis was tested in more than 700 families of adolescent twins assessed for IQ and breast-feeding, birth weight, and FADS2 polymorphisms, and parental socioeconomic status and education, and maternal FADS2 status. RESULTS: No significant evidence for a moderating effect on IQ of rs174575 C-carrier status and breast-feeding was found, and there no effects of maternal FADS2 status on offspring IQ. In addition, no main effects of any FADS2 polymorphisms on IQ were found when the genotype was kept as two-homozygote and one-heterozygote categories and indeed no evidence for effects of breast-feeding on IQ scores after controlling for parental socioeconomic status and education. The investigation was extended to two additional FADS2 polymorphisms (rs1535 and rs174583), but again, although these polymorphisms code alleles affecting fatty acid metabolism, no main or interaction effects were found on IQ. CONCLUSION: These results support the view that apparent effects of breast-feeding on IQ reflect differential likelihood of breast-feeding as a function of parental education and did not support the predicted interaction effect of FADS2 and breast-feeding on IQ.
OBJECTIVES: Breast-fed C-allele carriers of the rs174575 single nucleotide polymorphism in the fatty acyl desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene have been reported to show a 6.4 to 7 IQ point advantage over formula-fed C-allele carriers, with no effect of breast-feeding in GG carriers. An Australian sample was examined to determine if an interaction between breast-feeding and the rs174575 single nucleotide polymorphism had any effect on IQ. METHOD: This hypothesis was tested in more than 700 families of adolescent twins assessed for IQ and breast-feeding, birth weight, and FADS2 polymorphisms, and parental socioeconomic status and education, and maternal FADS2 status. RESULTS: No significant evidence for a moderating effect on IQ of rs174575 C-carrier status and breast-feeding was found, and there no effects of maternal FADS2 status on offspring IQ. In addition, no main effects of any FADS2 polymorphisms on IQ were found when the genotype was kept as two-homozygote and one-heterozygote categories and indeed no evidence for effects of breast-feeding on IQ scores after controlling for parental socioeconomic status and education. The investigation was extended to two additional FADS2 polymorphisms (rs1535 and rs174583), but again, although these polymorphisms code alleles affecting fatty acid metabolism, no main or interaction effects were found on IQ. CONCLUSION: These results support the view that apparent effects of breast-feeding on IQ reflect differential likelihood of breast-feeding as a function of parental education and did not support the predicted interaction effect of FADS2 and breast-feeding on IQ.
Authors: Lucia Colodro-Conde; Gu Zhu; Robert A Power; Anjali Henders; Andrew C Heath; Pamela A F Madden; Grant W Montgomery; Sarah Medland; Juan R Ordoñana; Nicholas G Martin Journal: Twin Res Hum Genet Date: 2014-12-05 Impact factor: 1.587
Authors: Marie C Conway; Emeir M McSorley; Maria S Mulhern; J J Strain; Edwin van Wijngaarden; Alison J Yeates Journal: Nutr Rev Date: 2020-08-01 Impact factor: 7.110
Authors: Keith A Grimaldi; Ben van Ommen; Jose M Ordovas; Laurence D Parnell; John C Mathers; Igor Bendik; Lorraine Brennan; Carlos Celis-Morales; Elisa Cirillo; Hannelore Daniel; Brenda de Kok; Ahmed El-Sohemy; Susan J Fairweather-Tait; Rosalind Fallaize; Michael Fenech; Lynnette R Ferguson; Eileen R Gibney; Mike Gibney; Ingrid M F Gjelstad; Jim Kaput; Anette S Karlsen; Silvia Kolossa; Julie Lovegrove; Anna L Macready; Cyril F M Marsaux; J Alfredo Martinez; Fermin Milagro; Santiago Navas-Carretero; Helen M Roche; Wim H M Saris; Iwona Traczyk; Henk van Kranen; Lars Verschuren; Fabio Virgili; Peter Weber; Jildau Bouwman Journal: Genes Nutr Date: 2017-12-15 Impact factor: 5.523
Authors: Fernando Pires Hartwig; Neil Martin Davies; Bernardo Lessa Horta; Tarunveer S Ahluwalia; Hans Bisgaard; Klaus Bønnelykke; Avshalom Caspi; Terrie E Moffitt; Richie Poulton; Ayesha Sajjad; Henning W Tiemeier; Albert Dalmau-Bueno; Mònica Guxens; Mariona Bustamante; Loreto Santa-Marina; Nadine Parker; Tomáš Paus; Zdenka Pausova; Lotte Lauritzen; Theresia M Schnurr; Kim F Michaelsen; Torben Hansen; Wendy Oddy; Craig E Pennell; Nicole M Warrington; George Davey Smith; Cesar Gomes Victora Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2019-02-01 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Fernando Pires Hartwig; Neil Martin Davies; Bernardo Lessa Horta; Cesar Gomes Victora; George Davey Smith Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2016-06-15 Impact factor: 2.692